A mechanism of suppression of TGF-beta/SMAD signaling by NF-kappaB/RelA

Article Abstract:

Opposing stimuli mediated through the activation of inhibitory Smad7 by RelA subunit of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB/RelA) is a suggested mechanism of suppression of TGF-beta/SMAD. The NF-kappaB/RelA has been shown to be required for the inhibition of TGF-beta-induced phosphorylation, nuclear translocation, and DNA binding of SMAD signaling complexes by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha).

Endotoxins, Transforming growth factors, Tumor necrosis factor

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Antiapoptotic activity of Stat5 required during terminal stages of myeloid differentiation

Article Abstract:

Antiapoptotic activity of Stat5 has been shown to be required in end stages of myeloid differentiation. Chicken myeloblasts that express dominant-negative Stat5 alleles and hematopoietic cells from Stat5-deficient mice have been used to study the role of Stat5 in survival, proliferation and differentiation of primary myelomonocytic cells. Absence of functional Stat5 brings lower doubling times and lack of cytokine-dependent protection from apoptotic death in cell differentiation. It seems bcl-x has an antiapoptotic Stat5 target gene. Stat5 may help in survival and proliferation of differentiating myeloid progenitor cells when stress/pathological circumstances such as inflammation prevail.

Austria, Usage, Cell death, Growth factors, Mice, mutant strains, Mutant mice, Cell differentiation, Protein tyrosine kinase, Protein-tyrosine kinase, Cell receptors, Hematopoietic stem cells, Cell proliferation, Hematopoiesis, Erythrocytes, Granulocytes, Blood platelets, Monocytes, Myeloproliferative disorders, Chickens, Red blood cells

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Cell cycle checkpoint signaling through the ATM and ATR kinases

Article Abstract:

The mammalian checkpoint kinases, ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and ATM Rad 3-related (ATR), both phosphinositide 3-kinase-related kinase (PIKK) family members, are discussed in this review article, with attention to their biochemistry and functions. The focus is on the subset of checkpoints that monitor the status and structure of chromosomal DNA in cell-cycle progression.

Statistical Data Included, DNA damage, Protein kinases

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