Nef-mediated suppression of T cell activation was lost in a lentiviral lineage that gave rise to HIV-1
Article Abstract:
A study reports that nef alleles from the great majority of primate lentiviruses, including human immunodeficiency virus-2 (HIV-2), down-modulate TCR-CD3 from infected T cells, thereby blocking their responsiveness to activation. It concludes that Nef exerts a protective function which was lost during lentiviral evolution in a lineage that gave rise to HIV-1 and may have predisposed the simian precursor of HIV-1 for greater pathogenicity in humans.
Publication Name: Cell
Subject: Biological sciences
ISSN: 0092-8674
Year: 2006
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Homeostatic expansion of T cells during immune insufficiency generates autoimmunity
Article Abstract:
The immune system suffers considerable loss of T cells during illnesses while the remaining T cells undergo very healthy compensatory expansion known as homeostatic proliferation. Studies were conducted to show that reduced T cell numbers and the resultant exaggerated homeostatic-type proliferation of T cells generate autoimmunity and was found that poor T cell survival as well as lymphopenia increase autoimmune disease.
Publication Name: Cell
Subject: Biological sciences
ISSN: 0092-8674
Year: 2004
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The orphan nuclear receptor ROR[gamma]t directs the differentiation program of proinflammatory IL-[17.sup.+] T helper cells
Article Abstract:
A study was conducted to show that the orphan nuclear receptor ROR[gamma]t is the transcription factor that directs the differentiation of IL-17-producing inflammatory T cells. It was found that ROR[gamma]t is required for the constitutive expression of IL-17 in intestinal lamina propria T cells and for the in vitro differentiation of Th17 cells from naive CD[4.sup.+] T cells.
Publication Name: Cell
Subject: Biological sciences
ISSN: 0092-8674
Year: 2006
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