Wnt signaling and cancer

Article Abstract:

Wnt signaling and cancer are discussed in this review article which emphasizes molecular defects known to promote neoplastic transformation in humans and in animal models. It has been found that wnt signaling causes cancer and that tumor promotion by the pathway can go through various genetic defects. Manifestation of cancer by aberrant wnt signaling mostly likely comes from inappropriate gene activation mediated by stabilized beta-catenin. Topics covered include receptors, ligands and related proteins, GSK3(beta), dishevelled, axin, PP2A, APC, transcription factors, and cross talk.

Cancer, Cancer genetics, Ligands, Ligands (Chemistry)

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Beyond the Qs in the polyglutamine diseases

Article Abstract:

Polyglutamine diseases, inherited neurodegenerative deseases, come from a mutational mechanism altering the sequence of a protein so that glutamines are added to a polyglutamine tract in the androgen receptor via one of two possible mechanisms discussed in this review article with information on the effects of polyglutamine expansion at the protein level. Evidence that a polyglutamine tract can itself be toxic exists. Another mechanism would depend on change in the function of the full-length protein. Lessons from Huntington's, and from spinocerebellar ataxia types 1 and 2 are discussed.

Usage, Abnormalities, Cerebellar ataxia, Gene mutations, Gene mutation, Hormone receptors, Nervous system, Proteins, Cell receptors, Huntington's chorea, Huntington's disease, Androgens, Genetically modified mice, Nerve degeneration, Glutamine

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Subcellular localization of the Snf1 kinase is regulated by specific beta subunits and a novel glucose signaling mechanism

Article Abstract:

Snf1 kinase subcellular localization has been found to be regulated by specific beta subunits and a novel glucose signaling pathway. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Snf1 is necessary for the response to glucose limitation. Evidence that the beta subunits regulate the subcellular localization of the kinase has been found. Independent regulation of the localization and the activity of the Snf1 kinase, with the distinct localization of kinases with different beta subunits, gives versatility in regulating physiological responses.

Protein kinases, Cell nuclei, Cell nucleus, Brewer's yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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