Complementary resources and cooperative research: a model of research joint ventures among competitors
Article Abstract:
A model of cooperative research and development (R&D) in Japanese companies is presented. It illustrates a greater preference for larger firms to participate in these joint ventures, specifically with smaller firms, in the areas of applied technological research. The tendency of large firms to opt for a partnership with smaller firms is based on cost limiting factors and control of research data-sharing. Small firms, on the other hand, opt to do their R&D independently. The model evaluates joint ventures in R&D in the context of antitrust policy and gives insights into the tension that may result from the limitations of sharing research information and conflicting decisions between rivals in the venture. Viable alternatives to such ventures would be cooperative efforts with universities and non-profit organizations for technical support, or venture capital companies for financial support.
Publication Name: Management Science
Subject: Business, general
ISSN: 0025-1909
Year: 1991
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Network externalities in microcomputer software: an econometric analysis of the spreadsheet market
Article Abstract:
An econometric model is developed and empirically tested to determine the variables that influence pricing in the microcomputer spreadsheet software market. Data for a sample of products during the period 1987-1992 are examined to gain insight into the impact of adherence to standards, intrinsic features, a time trend and network externality factors such as installed base on spreadsheet prices. Findings indicate that network externalities and compliance with standards increase prices. During the time period of the study, nominal prices are found to have risen slightly while quality-adjusted prices are found to have dropped by an average of 16% annually. Finally, results also suggest that the hedonic model can effectively predict actual market prices.
Publication Name: Management Science
Subject: Business, general
ISSN: 0025-1909
Year: 1996
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