Estimation of multiresponse simulation metamodels using control variates
Article Abstract:
Simulation is valuable to operations research in that it makes it economically feasible to analyze large-scale systems. Variance reduction techniques have been created to increase the efficiency of simulations. The use of control variates, by focusing on linear correlations between output variates, or controls, and target responses, allows the increased efficiency of simulations without manipulating or distorting random number input. Control variates can be used to build a simulation meta-model, applying multiple controls to the meta-models in order to make input, output, and control vectors multidimensional so that the model can be applied to multipopulation, multiresponse experiments.
Publication Name: Management Science
Subject: Business, general
ISSN: 0025-1909
Year: 1989
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Comparative invention performance of major industrial countries: patterns and explanations
Article Abstract:
Research was conducted on the relative invention performance of France, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom, USSR, and West Germany versus the United States. Patent activities were used as the measure. In technology fields the foreign countries have increased their relative invention performance. The relative decrease of the United States was attributed to catching up processes by the foreign countries. There is little evidence that invention performance was adversely affected by government intervention regarding research and development.
Publication Name: Management Science
Subject: Business, general
ISSN: 0025-1909
Year: 1988
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