Optimal investment in product-flexible manufacturing capacity

Article Abstract:

A two-stage stochastic program model is used to determine the flexibility/cost tradeoffs connected to financing the establishment of product-flexible manufacturing capacity. The significant tradeoff identified by the model is between creating a flexible capacity which can address a large number of future demand outcomes and the high costs associated with increasing flexible capacity. Results of applying the model can help firms to define the sufficient and necessary conditions for a business to invest in flexible capacity to guard against demand uncertainty for every product. Additionally, issues addressed by the model include how firms' decisions affect the cost of nonflexible and flexible production capacity, distribution of product demand, and risk levels.

Research, Manufacturing industry, Manufacturing industries, Innovations, Cost (Economics), Costs (Economics)

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Quality improvement and learning in productive systems

Article Abstract:

Decreasing the costs of manufactured products through improvement of quality is feasible when a quality-based learning curve is used. Two formulations of quality-based learning are given to show that companies may learn faster at higher (rather than lower) quality levels. The first formulation assumes that emphasis on quality affects direct manufacturing costs, whereas the second formulation assumes that it affects quality control costs. The model resolves the controversy between the economic models of Juran and of Deming and Crosby.

Models, Product quality, Quality control, Production control, Industrial management

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A branch and bound approach for machine load balancing in flexible manufacturing systems

Article Abstract:

The loading problem is considered in production planning in flexible manufacturing systems, specifically, balancing of the workload on all machines. A nonlinear integer mathematical programming formulation of the loading problem is given, along with an easy-to-use branch and bound approach for allocating cutting tools and operations to limited-capacity machine tools.

Algorithms, Integer programming, Optimization theory, Computer-integrated manufacturing, Branch and bound algorithms, Mathematical programming

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