Common stock offerings and earnings expectations: a test of the release of unfavorable information

Article Abstract:

This paper examines the revisions of analysts' forecasts of future earnings around announcements of common stock offerings. The forecasts of the current year earnings are, on average, decreased when firms announce plans to issue additional common stock. The size of the decrease is significantly related to announcement period abnormal stock returns. In contrast, forecasts of the five-year growth rate of earnings are, on average, unchanged. We interpret these results as being consistent with the claim that equity offering announcements convey unfavorable information regarding the firm's short-term but not its long-term earnings prospects. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Forecasts and trends, Influence, Business communication, Earnings per share

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Equity issuance and adverse selection: a direct test using conditional stock offers

Article Abstract:

We conduct a unique test of adverse selection in the equity issuance process. While common stock is the dominant means of payment in bank mergers, stock acquisition agreements provide target shareholders with varying degrees of protection against adverse price movements in the bidder's stock between the time of the merger agreement and the time of merger completion. We show that it is the degree of protection against adverse price changes and not the percent of stock offered in a bank merger that explains bidder merger announcement abnormal returns. This result is difficult to explain outside of an adverse selection framework. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Bank mergers

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New evidence on the January effect before personal income taxes

Article Abstract:

We examine the returns of stocks in the Cowles Industrial Index before and after the introduction of personal income taxes in 1917. This is distinct from earlier studies because we cross-sectionally analyze the relationship between the returns of the individual stocks and measures of tax-loss selling potential and size. We find that excess returns at the turn-of-the-year and for the month of January were not significant until after 1917. These results provide strong support for the tax-loss selling hypothesis as an explanation for the January seasonal in the returns of small firms. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Economic aspects, Stock price indexes, Income tax

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