How to handle industrial tribunals

Article Abstract:

Accountants are often required to represent a firm in industrial tribunal cases in the UK, either for a client or for the accountants' firms. The most common type of cases are for unfair dismissals. Proceedings begin with an originating application on which a complaint is made. Respondents receiving the complaints have two weeks to complete and return the application. The law offers a conciliation mechanism that eliminates the need for a tribunal hearing. If a tribunal hearing is held, typically it is conducted in public. The tribunal consists of a chairman and representatives for both the employer and employee and consists of a sequence of eight events, including presentation of evidence provided by witnesses for the respondent, cross-examination of the witnesses, presentation of the evidence of the applicant, and summations of each party's position.

United Kingdom, Labor law, United Kingdom. Industrial Tribunals

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Put it in writing

Article Abstract:

Employers can prevent costly and unpleasant misunderstandings by providing executives with clear and concise employment contracts. Executives that are not adequately covered by employment contracts have been considered independent contractors in past English court decisions and subsequently denied renumeration and insurance benefits. Employment contracts should include: complete job titles and duties; places of work; and employers' identities. Contracts should also discuss: pay and benefit details, including indexes and bonuses; restrictive covenants; and terms of termination of employment.

Analysis, Interpretation and construction, Human resource management, Employee recruitment, Labor contracts

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Computers and the law: a legal route to customer satisfaction

Article Abstract:

Disputes between computer suppliers and their business clients in England can best be solved by discussion; however, in some cases litigation, with the help of a professional adviser and an expert witness, may be necessary. Disputes can involve claims of misrepresentation, negligence, breach of contract, and exemption clauses in the contract. Limits on exemption clauses are set out in the Unfair Contract Terms Act of 1977. An example of a computer case study is given.

Prepackaged software, Computers, Digital computers, Marketing, Customer service, Customer relations

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