Hofmeister effects on electron-transfer reactions of 1-pyrenesulfonic acid radical cation with nucleophilic anions in nafion membranes

Article Abstract:

Transient absorption measurements were used to investigate the electron-transfer reaction from nucleophilic anions such as SCN(super -), N(sub 3)(super -), I(super -), and Br(super -) to the 1-pyrenesulfonic acid radical via a resonant two-photon ionization process in the nafion membranes. The effects of hydrophobic organic cations such as tetrabutyl-ammonium ion [Bu4N(super +)] and tetraethylammonium ion [Et4N(super +)] exchanged into the nafion membranes were examined.

Industrial Organic Chemicals, Cyclic Crude and Intermediate Manufacturing, Sulfonic Acids, Chemical properties

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Ion size effects on the electrokinetic flow in nanoporous membranes caused by concentration gradients

Article Abstract:

The steady-state transport equations for nonideal solutions of finite size ions are concluded from the principles of irreversible thermodynamics. The study concluded that in a highly charged membrane the solute flux density is roughly equal to the co-ion flux density, and the ion size effects act to decrease the absolute value of the pore-average solute flux density.

Ions, Flux (Metallurgy)

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Thermodynamics and kinetics in micellar media. Reaction of the hydroxide ion with 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene in aqueous solutions of a neutral nonionic surfactant. Effect of the concentration of background electrolyte

Article Abstract:

The influence of the use of the neutral surfactant (Brij 35) upon the kinetics of the reaction between a neutral substrate and a charged reactant is investigated. The results suggest a difference in reactivity and the exchange rate associated with the content of dimension 2 equals 40 times the one associated with the content of dimension 3.

Chemical reactions, Dynamics, Dynamics (Mechanics)

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