Consumer confidence and consumer spending

Article Abstract:

The different ways of measuring the consumer attitudes and confidence with respect to the economic activity is presented. The University of MichiganEs Consumer Sentiment Index and the Conference BoardEs Consumer Confidence Index investigate the relationship between the consumer attitudes and consumer spending through surveys.

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How should we measure consumer confidence?

Article Abstract:

The responses to eight expectation questions regarding consumer confidence, each with 12-month horizon, that have appeared on the Michigan Survey of Consumers in the period of June 2002 through May 2003 are analyzed. The findings of this analysis suggested that improvements are feasible along three main dimensions.

Market Survey Techniques, Measurement, Market surveys

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Consumer over-indebtedness in the EU: measurement and characteristics

Article Abstract:

The application of permanent-income/life cycle theories of consumption behavior, for the subjective evaluation of the measures of household indebtedness in the European Union is described. The analysis of European household survey data on consumer debt is presented.

Europe, Consumer Behavior, Labor Distribution by Employer, Usage, Statistics, Economics, Consumer behaviour, Economic theory, Author abstract

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