Determinants of government expenditures: new evidence from disaggregative data

Article Abstract:

Governments exhibit different per capita spending rates on public services. A previous model for measuring these differences across countries is applied using 1988 data on 105 nations, with a focus on developing countries with populations smaller than 20 million. The results indicate that the type of public service and level of political and economic development determine the income elasticity of public service demand. Other strong indicators for government expenditure variations are population density and urbanization. Specific results for education and health spending are discussed.

Services, International aspects, Developing countries, Government spending policy, Expenditures, Public, Public expenditures

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Does female income share influence household expenditures? Evidence from Cote d'Ivoire

Article Abstract:

Household expenditure patterns have long been hypothesized to depend on the gender of the income-earner. Men are believed to spend a higher proportion of family income on alcohol, cigarettes and other status consumer items or services, while women spend relatively more on household necessities. An econometric test of this hypothesis is made using data from Cote d'Ivoire. the results indicate that women's income share is diirectly related to food expenditure proportion and inversely related to the expenditure share of alcohol and cigarettes. Policy implications are discussed.

Research, Consumption (Economics), Cost and standard of living, Cost of living, Cote d'Ivoire, Ivory Coast, Disposable income

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Changes in the determinants of employer-funded training for full-time employees in Britain, 1984-94

Article Abstract:

Employers in the UK has mimicked government policies in the sense that they have ascribed increased importance to worker training. However, the factors that influence companies to institute employee training programs are not the same as those that motivate the government. Companies' primary considerations are the age and work experience of the employees. Also, the type of industry affects prevalence of such programs. Industries involved in more cerebral activities see training not as an option but as a necessity.

Employee Training, Job training and related services, Vocational Rehabilitation Services, Manpower Training, United Kingdom, Analysis, Occupational training, Employer-supported education, Employer supported education

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