Female workers as a buffer in the Japanese economy

Article Abstract:

A statistical analysis of the effects of labor market changes between 1970 and 1989 on the employment security of Japanese women revealed that women served as a buffer for male manufacturing workers. However, their lesser share of employment security was still greater than that of US men or US women. The relative volatility of female employment in Japan did not increase during the time period. The causes of differing separation rates for male and female workers changed between the 1970s and the 1980s.

Japan, Employment, Labor market, Working women

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Making the practical case for freer trade

Article Abstract:

Nontariff barriers have grown during the last half of the 20th century, but tariffs have fallen and trade volume is increasing. The activities of special interest groups and the popular belief in the fixed-number-of-jobs fallacy have acted against free trade policy in the US. Economists can minimize damage to free trade by recognizing the importance of rents, avoiding over-emphasis on multilateralism and allowing that the use of illogical arguments in negotiations can bring desirable results.

Admin. of general economic programs, Free trade

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Why do different wage series tell different stories?

Article Abstract:

A study was conducted to analyze a number of commonly utilized hourly wage series and to characterize differences in their trends. Annual average values of four hourly wage series were graphed and examined. Results showed that workers tend to overreport their hours which may have worsened between 1965 and 1985. Findings also indicated the need for better information on hours of work and time use.

Wage Administration, Regulation, Licensing, and Inspection of Miscellaneous Commercial Sectors, Work Schedules, Wages & Hours Regulation, Management, Work hours, Compensation and benefits, Compensation management, Labor law, Wages, Wages and salaries, Workers

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