Occupational sex segregation in Britain, 1979-89: the persistence of sexual stereotyping

Article Abstract:

Occupational sex segregation in the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1989 showed a decline, but this was slow, both in occupations where men predominated, and where women predominated, according to calculations using an index developed by Karmel and MacLachlan. The results indicate inefficient distribution of men and women in occupations, and exclusion especially by blue collar men, which has implications for achieving equal pay for similar jobs. Affirmative action programs are likely to have most impact on women in professional and managerial occupations, since women's occupations lower down the scale tend to lack a career structure. Deregulation of the labor market in the 1980s has hit women particularly, since part-time workers tend to be women, and any affirmative action program needs to focus on training and promotion of part-time workers if it is to be successful.

Admin. of social & manpower programs, Social aspects, Analysis, Economic aspects, Women, Affirmative action

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The rise and persistence of rigidities

Article Abstract:

A simple model is developed to address the issues surrounding unemployment in Europe. The model explains the prevalence of employment protection in Europe and not in the US. Employment-protection functions as a rent-protection mechanism that springs when an employment affords large welfare than unemployment. Employment protection will get political support when an employee obtains more rents. But when the labor market is more mobile, support for employment protection is reduced.

Research, Europe, Unemployment, Manpower policy

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Working schoolchildren in Britain today

Article Abstract:

Research on the employment of British schoolchildren and the deficiencies of UK's child labor laws is analyzed. As evidenced by the available research, UK has a very high rate of child labor compared to other European countries. Despite this alarming situation, the UK government has not taken this problem seriously. Moreover the Tory government has attempted to undermine the European Commission's Directive on the Protection of Young People at Work.

Children, Students, Employment, School children

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