The enclosure of a common property resource: private and group ownership in equilibrium

Article Abstract:

Group ownership of property does not resolve issues relating to ownership within the group, though outsiders are excluded from ownership. Common property resources often include ground water and petroleum deposits. Free access to these resources may lead to over-consumption. Enclosure of all property may not lead to an increase in welfare in Pareto terms. Institutional costs for property arrangements vary according to a number of factors such as population increases and changes in technology.

Laws, regulations and rules, Personal property

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Law and market organization: the historical experience in Germany from 1900 to the law against restraints of competition (1957)

Article Abstract:

There was a shift in Germany toward the idea of competition in markets following a political debate during the 1950s. Prior to this date Germany had been characterised by cartels. This situation can be understood in terms of its legal and political aspects through focusing on the issue of economic power. Legal science was linked to political economy in the early 20th century in Germany, and this affected perceptions of markets and how they should operate.

Germany, History, Cartels, German history

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Social networks can resolve actor paradoxes in economics and psychology

Article Abstract:

Models of markets can be developed which show a sustainable system within a productive system. Parallels can be developed in psychological studies as is illustrated by research carried out on a disciplinary institution. Actors can be perceived as profiles of prices and volumes or as situations and behavior. This gives insight into the behavior of individuals in economics and psychology. The model also helps explain paradoxes within the two disciplines.

Psychology

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