The effect of welfare and wage levels on the location decisions of female-headed households

Article Abstract:

A model is developed that helps estimate the effects of welfare benefit levels, salaries, and tax rates on domicile choices made in female-headed households. It is assumed in the empirical model that women simultaneously select both residence location and whether or not to be in the welfare system, based on how much income they expect to gain and the possible number of work hours available. These hours and income expectations vary in turn on the wage, tax rate, and welfare benefits available. It is revealed that both wage rates and regional welfare levels have a significant influence on this population's location decisions. A typical female-headed household that has little outside income is as much as 12% more likely over a four-year span to leave an area in which welfare payments and wages are both low as it would be to make the same decision in a place where wages and welfare are higher.

Analysis, Households, Home economics research, Domicile, Domicile (Residence)

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The dynamics of housing assistance spells

Article Abstract:

The factors that influence the length of time people avail of housing assistance should be identified because the present policy focuses on promptly helping physically able individuals attain self-sufficiency. Knowing who gets housing assistance for short periods can help determine the right residential composition of housing projects and targeting meager training budgets through the self-sufficiency programs of HUD. It is because of this that a study was conducted focusing on the duration of housing assistance spells. Data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation was used to develop a hazard model. Findings indicate that several individuals will continue receiving assistance for relatively long periods although some leave housing assistance after short spells. Results also show that there is no duration dependence in housing assistance spells.

Public housing, Housing subsidies

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The fiscal effect of community composition on public services and welfare

Article Abstract:

A study was conducted to examine public service level and the utility of wealthy families as they are affected by the growth in number of poor families in a community dominated by wealthy families. A model for analyzing these issues was developed, in which it was asssumed that local public service level was funded by a property tax and determined by majority voting. The model suggested that the expansion of a predominantly wealthy neighborhood to include more poor families may lead to fiscal deterioration. This situation, in turn, may result in the increase in 'price' of public service and in the maximization of the wealthy resident's utility.

Demographic aspects, Neighborhood, Neighborhoods, Municipal services, Human settlements

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