A comparison of childhood and adult type 1 diabetes mellitus

Article Abstract:

This demographic study demonstrates that the appearance of insulin-dependent (Type I) diabetes clusters around two periods of life: puberty and the fifth decade. The authors evaluated possible differences in the forms of this disease by examining biochemical, clinical autoimmune and genetic features of 82 children and adolescents (1.3 to 18.2 years of age) and 44 adults (aged 22.0 to 55.8) with the disease. In the group when diabetes appeared in adulthood, the duration of symptoms before diagnosis was longer, approximately 7.5 weeks compared to a 3.9 week period for the adolescents. In addition, differences between the two groups were found in the circulating levels of C-peptide (the connecting peptide chain which is lost when proinsulin splits to form insulin) at time of diagnosis, and other measurements. However, the groups did not differ significantly in sex ratio, blood glucose levels, hemoglobin values, or degree of metabolic integrity. Thirty-four of 80 children examined (42.5%) had insulin autoantibodies as compared with only 3.8 percent of the adults. However, antibodies against the cells which produce insulin were similar in the two groups. The authors conclude that when insulin-dependent diabetes begins in adulthood, it is characterized by a longer symptomatic period before diagnosis, better preservation of insulin producing cell function, and lower levels of insulin autoantibodies than the type which appears in children or teenagers.

Research, Analysis, Demographic aspects, Diabetes, Diabetes mellitus, Juvenile diabetes, Insulin resistance, Diabetes in children, C-peptide

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A bovine albumin peptide as a possible trigger of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Article Abstract:

Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus may produce antibodies to bovine serum albumin (BSA) that contributes to the developement of the disease. BSA is a cow's milk protein that may cause the production of antibodies that destroy portions of the pancreas in individuals genetically predisposed to diabetes. Blood levels of antibodies against BSA were analysed in 142 children newly diagnosed with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, 79 healthy children and 300 healthy adults. Blood levels of antibodies against BSA were much higher in the children newly diagnosed with diabetes than in the healthy individuals. Children with diabetes did not have increased blood levels of antibodies against other cow's milk proteins. One to two years after diagnosis, blood levels of antibodies against BSA decreased to normal levels in the diabetes patients.

Causes of, Physiological aspects, Type 1 diabetes, Albumin, Milk proteins

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Prevalence of celiac disease among children in Finland

Article Abstract:

Researchers evaluate a blood test for celiac disease in children. In a study of 3,654 children, 56 tested positive. Ten were subsequently diagnosed with celiac disease and 27 were found to have the disease by intestinal biopsy. Celiac disease is a gastrointestinal disease that causes malabsorption.

Finland, Diagnosis, Celiac disease

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