A controlled trial of povidone-iodine as prophylaxis against ophthalamia neonatorum

Article Abstract:

Povidone-iodine may be more effective in preventing newborn conjunctivitis that leads to blindness than either silver nitrate or erythromycin. A study of 3117 infants born in one hospital in Kenya found that the rate of infectious conjunctivitis in the newborn period was lowest among infants preventively treated with a 2.5% ophthalmic solution of povidone-iodine. Povidone-iodine was found to be more effective against chlamydial conjunctivitis than the other two agents. It may be active against bacterial infections and against viruses, including herpes simplex. Povidone-iodine may have an advantage over the other ophthalmic agents in that it turns the surface of the eye brown, indicating that the medication has been properly administered. The other agents are colorless, which may make their administration prone to error. Proper administration may be especially important for infants born in unhygienic environments because of the risk of infection. Povidone-iodine is less expensive than the other agents and may be prepared locally from a powder.

Evaluation, Drug therapy, Iodine, Iodine (Chemical element), Conjunctivitis, Infantile, Ophthalmia neonatorum, Povidone

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Efficacy of low oral doses of iodized oil in the control of iodine deficiency in Zaire

Article Abstract:

One small dose of iodized oil taken by mouth can correct iodine deficiency for up to one year. This may be an advantage in regions where iodized salt is unavailable. Of 75 individuals with a visible goiter living in Zaire, 25 were given one dose of vegetable oil (group A - the control group), 25 were given 0.1 milliliters (ml) of iodized oil (group B) and 25 were given 0.25 ml of iodized oil (group C). Before treatment and at intervals of several months after treatment, the shape of their thyroid was traced on a piece of paper, and the levels of thyroid hormones in their blood were measured. Twelve months after treatment, thyroid outlines were nine percent smaller in group A, 44% smaller in group B and 52% smaller in group C. Thyroid hormones of individuals in groups B and C reached normal levels compared with those in group A.

Zaire

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Kashin-Beck disease - expanding the spectrum of iodine-deficiency disorders

Article Abstract:

Kashin-Beck disease may be a consequence of iodine deficiency rather than selenium deficiency. This disease is a form of arthritis that can stunt growth when it occurs in children. It occurs frequently in China and other areas of Asia, which also have severe iodine and selenium deficiency. A 1998 study found that residents of several Tibetan villages who had Kashin-Beck disease were more likely to have iodine deficiency than selenium deficiency. This indicates that selenium deficiency may not cause Kashin-Beck disease unless iodine deficiency is also present.

Editorial, Causes of, Complications and side effects, Osteoarthritis, Nutritional aspects, Selenium in human nutrition, Selenium (Nutrient)

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