A follow-up study of methods of contraception, sexual activity, and rates of trichomoniasis, candidiasis, and bacterial vaginosis

Article Abstract:

The effectiveness of the spermicidal (sperm-killing) agent nonoxynol 9 in preventing sexually transmitted diseases was assessed in 818 women who were using birth control and attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic. For a period of six months, these women were evaluated each month for trichomoniasis, which is infestation with the parasite Trichomonas; candidiasis, or yeast infection; and bacterial vaginosis, which is inflammation of the vagina due to infection with the bacterium Gardnerella vaginalis. Use of nonoxynol 9 was associated with a lower incidence of trichomoniasis and bacterial vaginosis, although the rate of candidiasis was similar for women who did and did not use spermicide. The development of trichomoniasis and bacterial vaginosis, but not candidiasis, was related to the number of sexual partners that the patient had in the preceding month. The incidence of trichomoniasis was lower among women using oral contraceptives than among women using an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD) or women who had undergone a tubal ligation. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Infection, Prevention, Candidiasis, Vaginosis, Vagina, Contraceptives, Trichomoniasis, Spermicides

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Insertion-deletion polymorphism in the gene for angiotensin-converting enzyme is associated with obstetric cholestasis but not with preeclampsia

Article Abstract:

A variation in the gene for angiotensin-converting enzyme can increase a pregnant woman's risk of some pregnancy complications such as obstetric cholestasis. In a study of 305 women, those with the variation had twice the risk of developing obstetric cholestasis compared with women who did not have the variation.

Risk factors, Cholestasis

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Genetic factors associated with thrombosis in pregnancy in a United States population

Article Abstract:

Mutations in the genes for factor V, prothrombin, and angiotensin-converting enzyme can increase the risk of blood clot formation during pregnancy. This was the conclusion of a study of 41 pregnant women who developed abnormal blood clotting during pregnancy and 76 who did not.

Thrombosis

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