A protocol for routine voluntary antepartum human immunodeficiency virus antibody screening

Article Abstract:

A strategy should be developed for routine voluntary HIV testing of pregnant women. The incidence of HIV infection is increasing among women of childbearing age and their children. Routine HIV testing for pregnant women would increase the identification of women and children infected with HIV. Identification of HIV-infected women allows them to receive different types of counseling and medical care. Education on the transmission of the AIDS virus may prevent them from infecting others. Over 32,000 pregnant women underwent voluntary testing for HIV infection at one hospital. Prenatal patients at this hospital are asked to complete a questionnaire on risk behavior and are given information on HIV infection and AIDS. Patients who consent to testing undergo pretest counseling with a health educator. Over 350 HIV-infected women have been identified through this screening program.

Care and treatment, Management, Usage, Postnatal care

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Human immunodeficiency virus testing and counseling: nuts and bolts

Article Abstract:

The following may guide obstetrician-gynecologists in testing and counseling about HIV. Risk assessment and counseling should routinely be part of care. HIV tests can produce false positives or indeterminate results. All pregnant women should be offered HIV testing. Pretest counselling should include risk reduction, test explanation, disease course, and resources. All test results should be given in person. Posttest counselling for at-risk HIV-negative women should include the need for retesting and the dangers of overconfidence. Counselling for HIV-positive women should facilitate entry into medical care, address concerns, offer resources, and address the need to notify sexual partners.

Social aspects, Methods, Diagnosis, HIV infections, HIV infection in women, Health risk communication

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Antiphosphatidylserine antibody removes annexin-V and facilitates the binding of prothrombin at the surface of a choriocarcinoma model of trophoblast differentiation

Article Abstract:

Antibodies produced in pregnant women with the antiphospholipid syndrome may remove the anticoagulant annexin-V from the placenta's surface allowing coagulation factors such as prothrombin to bind at the phosphatidylserine sites typically bound with annexin-V. Annexin-V and prothrombin binding and phosphatidylserine production was evaluated in a developing placenta cell model. Developing cells produced external phosphatidylserine. Antiphospholipid antibodies decreased annexin-V availability at the cell surface and increased prothrombin binding.

Analysis, Physiological aspects, Blood clotting disorders, Blood coagulation disorders, Protein binding, Prothrombin, Antiphospholipid antibodies, Choriocarcinoma

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