Cigarette smoking and invasive pneumococcal disease

Article Abstract:

Smokers and people exposed to passive smoking have a higher-than-normal risk of developing invasive pneumococcal disease. Invasive pneumococcal disease is an infection caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae that is present in blood or cerebrospinal fluid. In a study of 228 patients with invasive pneumococcal disease, 58% were smokers compared to 24% of 301 healthy volunteers. This translates to a four-fold greater risk of invasive pneumococcal disease. Nonsmokers exposed to environmental cigarette smoke were twice as likely to develop invasive pneumococcal disease as people not exposed to passive smoke.

Health aspects, Streptococcal infections, Risk factors, Smoking

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus disease in three communities

Article Abstract:

Prospective series of community associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections identified with the use of standardized methods to measure rates of endemic disease allows for an accurate description of the clinical course and effect of these infections. It is found that most patients who were treated empirically received beta-lactum antimicrobial agents.

New England States, Diagnosis, Staphylococcus aureus, New England

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An outbreak of multidrug-resistant pneumococcal pneumonia and bacteremia among unvaccinated nursing home residents

Article Abstract:

All nursing home residents should be vaccinated against pneumococcal pneumonia. In a 1996 outbreak in an Oklahoma nursing home, 11 residents developed pneumococcal pneumonia, and 3 died. A strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae that was resistant to several drugs was found in blood and sputum samples from 7 residents with pneumonia, 23% of the other residents and 3% of the staff members. All of the strains were identical, indicating that they were transmitted from one person to another. Only 4% of the residents had been vaccinated with pneumococcal vaccine.

Reports, Diseases, Nursing home patients, Pneumonia, Pneumococcal, Pneumococcal pneumonia

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