Annual statistical review

Article Abstract:

The third in a series of annual reviews of national statistics relevant to childhood is presented. The number of births in the United Kingdom increased by two percent from 1986 to 1987, and included an increase in number of births outside of marriage. There was a decrease in births of infants to mothers from the Indian subcontinent or the Caribbean. The death rate among infants decreased in the 1980s, mainly due to a decrease in death rates among newborns. Statistics on death rates in children showed that two fifths of deaths in children between the ages of 5 and 14 years were due to accidents. In addition, there were significant social class differences in death rates due to accidents. The proportion of children increased in the upper social classes, but decreased in the lower social classes between 1971 and 1981 in the United Kingdom. There were more deaths among children of the lower social classes than of the upper social classes. There was an increase in the late newborn death rate for extremely low-birth-weight infants between 1976 and 1981, suggesting that death among these infants was delayed from the first week to the second to fourth week of life. Hospital admissions of children increased, although hospital stays tended to be shorter in duration. The incidence of meningitis, the inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord, increased since 1984. The proportion of children living in single-parent families has increased by more than 50 percent, whereas the proportion of children living with a divorced lone mother tripled since the 1970s. The number of reported cases of children requiring safety orders or legal protection from sexual, physical, or other abuse increased by 37 percent between 1977 to 1987. This increase may be related to changing cultural norms, improved awareness, or various other reasons. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Children

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Panniculitis: a report of four cases and literature review

Article Abstract:

Panniculitis is the inflammation of the fat tissue beneath the wall of the abdomen. Symptoms include pain, tenderness, and enlargement of tissue in areas where fat is thickest. Panniculitis may be associated with inflammation of the pancreas, bacterial infection of the blood, multiple joint disease, cancer, or connective tissue disease. The various types of panniculitis have not been adequately classified. The cases are reported of panniculitis developing in the absence of underlying disease in one infant and three older children. Three of the children developed wasting away of fat tissue underlying the skin. Biopsy revealed that these children had the lobular form of panniculitis, which is characterized by fat atrophy at sites of previous lesions and which responds well to treatment with corticosteroids. The remaining child had septal panniculitis, a form of this disorder characterized by the absence of fat atrophy and a poor response to corticosteroid treatment. A method of classifying panniculitis based on tissue microscopic features should help in predicting the outcome of panniculitis. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Abnormalities, Fat, Fats

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Reporting delays of deaths with AIDS in the United States

Article Abstract:

Death counts from AIDS must be corrected to account for delays in the reporting of deaths. Data from publicly reported deaths from AIDS show that the incidence of death has not been affected by the change in AIDS case definition in 1993. Various methods to correct the incidence of death may be misleading because they cannot adjust for shorter delays in reporting versus longer delays.

AIDS (Disease)

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