Association between urinary symptoms at 7 years old and previous urinary tract infection

Article Abstract:

Urinary tract infections frequently occur in children, but the cause is usually not known. Incomplete emptying of the bladder and poor coordination of the bladder valve and muscles are associated with infection, however. Incontinence in children is a common symptom of bladder dysfunction or infection, but the incidence of other symptoms associated with bladder problems is unknown. To clarify the situation, the prevalence of various urinary symptoms was investigated in 3,553 children (1,719 female) who were entering school. A history of bacterial urinary infections was reported for 145 girls and 32 boys, the average age being 4 years for girls and 0.8 years for boys. Urinary symptoms were reported by 26 percent of the children. Bedwetting occurred in 2.8 percent of girls and 7 percent of boys, and this did not correlate with a previous urinary infection. Girls who reported daytime wetting, urgency, squatting, or emptying difficulties had a significantly higher incidence of urinary infections, while boys did not. Emptying difficulties and squatting were most strongly associated with previous history of infection, and the symptoms at age seven were related to infections occurring after, rather than before, age three. The study could not determine whether urinary tract infections were a cause or effect of bladder dysfunction, but suggests that the two problems are associated. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Abnormalities, Urinary tract infections in children, Urinary tract infections, Genitourinary organs, Urogenital abnormalities

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Ureteric sludge syndrome

Article Abstract:

Children who are unable to form urine (oligoanuria) after illnesses that have caused dehydration can develop kidney disorders. These may include azotemia (nitrogen-containing bodies in the blood); tissue death in the tubular portion of the kidney; hemolytic uremic syndrome (rupture and decrease in red blood cells, decreased blood platelets, and kidney disease); or blocked drainage from the kidney due to a kidney stone or from dilation of the ureter. Cases are described of four children with some form of obstructive uropathy (disease resulting from obstruction of the urinary tract). A diagnosis of obstructive uropathy may be missed or incorrectly diagnosed as one of the above conditions. All four children developed oligoanuria, and had either flank pain or fluid retention. In addition, evidence of crystal-containing sludge was detected in the lower ureters. Three patients had crystalluria, the appearance of crystals in the urine. Treatment of obstructive uropathy consists of administering intravenous fluids and diuretics, agents that increase water elimination. Two children required surgery to relieve the pressure and clear the ureters. If the patient fails to respond within 24 hours after the start of treatment or develops high blood pressure, other methods to relieve the obstruction should be used. Children with these symptoms should also be assessed for crystalluria. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Case studies, Kidney diseases, Urologic diseases, Ureters, Ureteral obstruction, Urogenital diseases

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Outcome of confirmed symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection

Article Abstract:

Infection with cytomegalovirus affects three in every 1,000 births in the United Kingdom. Congenital cytomegalovirus infection is usually not associated with symptoms or adverse effects, but there is little information about the likely outcome of infants with congenital cytomegalovirus infection. Hence, the outcomes of 65 newborns diagnosed with congenital cytomegalovirus infection were assessed. The children were followed-up for three to four years. Impairment of nerve function developed in 29 children: 22 children had defects of movement and seven children developed deafness due to impaired nerve function. The outcome was worse for children with neurological problems during the newborn period. Neurological defects were detected at follow-up in 16 of 22 children with nerve-related problems at birth and 13 of 43 children without such problems in the newborn period. These findings suggest that infants with symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection have an outcome that is better than previously thought. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Infection, Prognosis, Diseases, Infants (Newborn), Cytomegalovirus infections, Neonatal diseases, Infection in children

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