Benign prostatic hyperplasia: medical and minimally invasive treatment options

Article Abstract:

Benign prostatic hyperplasia may be treated with a variety of drug and non-drug options, depending on the severity of the condition. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a noncancerous condition where the prostate gland becomes enlarged, making urination difficult. Watchful waiting, or doing nothing, may be acceptable in cases of mild prostatism. Finasteride is an approved drug used to shrink the prostate gland enough to improve urination. Alpha-1-adrenergic-antagonist drugs such as terazosin may improve symptomatic prostatism. Moderate cases may be surgically corrected by transurethral incision. Prostatic stents may be most useful in cases of severe retention of urine. Minimally invasive treatments involving microwave energy and lasers may improve symptomatic prostatism. Five studies of prostatism have shown that the condition will improve in 40% of the cases, will remain the same in 45%, and become worse in 15% of cases.

Care and treatment, Usage, Hypertrophy, Adrenergic beta blockers, Adrenergic beta-antagonists, Prostate, Prostatic hyperplasia

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Age-specific reference ranges for serum prostate-specific antigen in black men

Article Abstract:

Physicians need to use different age-specific ranges for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) measurements in black men than they would for white men. Researchers measured PSA in 1,372 white men and 411 black men with prostate cancer and 1,802 white men and 1,673 black men with no evidence of prostate cancer. Blood levels of PSA were significantly higher in the black men, especially in older men. As in white men, the levels increased with age. Forty percent of the prostate cancer cases in black men would be missed using the standard values developed by studying white men.

Standards, Physiological aspects, African Americans

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Age-specific reference ranges for serum PSA

Article Abstract:

Research has revealed several ways to make the use of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) measurements more useful. PSA measurements are taken to detect prostate cancer. A 1996 study revealed that blacks tend to have higher PSA values than whites and the values increased with age. A PSA value that changes rapidly over time can identify men more likely to have prostate cancer. Determining the amount of PSA that is free rather than bound can also assist in the diagnosis. Prostate biopsy or surgery can increase PSA levels, as can ejaculation.

Editorial, Research, Methods, Diagnosis, Prostate cancer, Medical screening, Health screening

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