Breast carcinoma metastatic to the uvea

Article Abstract:

A 45-year-old female patient complained of decreasing vision; she had a malignant tumor (adenocarcinoma) of the breast one year before. During an eye examination, a yellow mass accompanied by pigment was detected beneath, and partially detaching, the retina of both eyes. A 57-year-old woman who also had breast cancer was examined for visual problems as well. In this case, a white fluffy mass was visible in the anterior chamber of the eye, partially obscuring the iris and pupil. A diagnosis of metastatic spread to the middle, vascular layer of the eye (the uvea) was made in both cases. Although considered rare, approximately 38 percent of all symptoms of visual impairment, and 9 percent of women without visual symptoms have metastasis to the uvea after breast cancer. Breast cancer is three times more likely to spread to the eye than other forms of cancer; the reason for this is unknown. Radiation, often without the use of chemotherapy, can be used to control this metastasis, but the average survival time after uveal metastases is only nine months. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Patient outcomes, Mortality, Diagnosis, Development and progression, Metastasis, Cancer metastasis

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Chemoprevention of breast cancer

Article Abstract:

Much research is needed to determine which drugs can prevent the development of breast cancer in women at high risk and which surrogate markers can be used to test their effectiveness. The goal of chemoprevention in breast cancer is to block tumor metastasis, in which the tumor cells invade other tissues. Such drugs would reduce the proliferation of tumor cells. Anti-estrogen drugs such as tamoxifen and retinoids are being tested in humans. Other potential chemopreventive drugs include dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), monoterpenes and isoflavonoids. The most likely candidates for these drugs include women with a mutation in the BRCA genes and women with a history of proliferative breast disease and/or a family history of breast cancer. Surrogate end points that could be used to indicate suppression of metastasis include breast density, the activity of certain genes, the number of receptors for estrogen and retinoids and measures of DNA damage.

Prevention, Cancer, Cancer recurrence

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Sunitinib in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma

Article Abstract:

A study is presented which aims to confirm the antitumor efficacy of sunitinib malate as second-line treatment in patents with metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the predominant cell type of this malignancy. Findings demonstrate the efficacy and manageable adverse-event profile of sunitinib as a single agent in second-line therapy for patients with cytokine-refractory metastatic clear-cell RCC.

Risk factors, Drug therapy, Dosage and administration, Carcinoma, Renal cell, Renal cell carcinoma, Disease/Disorder overview, Sunitinib

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