Cervical human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid and cytologic evaluations in gynecologic outpatients

Article Abstract:

The number of new cases (incidence) of infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) varies, depending on the method of virus detection. The incidence was reported as being low when the virus was detected by cell studies. However, studies that detect the virus based on measurement of viral DNA, the genetic material of the virus, suggest a high incidence of HPV infection. Although the presence of HPV DNA does not necessarily indicate active HPV infection, its measurement provides useful information for managing the disease. The number of cases (prevalence) of HPV DNA, various types of HPV DNA, and the relation between HPV DNA and cell changes associated with HPV infection were assessed in 2,668 female patients. HPV DNA was detected in 4.4 percent of the women who were admitted to an emergency room; 8.8 percent of patients from an abortion clinic; and 31.4 percent of patients referred for colposcopy (examination of the vagina and cervix with a magnifying lens following an abnormal Papanicolaou smear report). The most common type of HPV was 16/18, followed by 31/33/35, and 6/11. Seventy-three percent of women from the emergency room and abortion clinic, who were positive for HPV DNA, had normal results from cell studies. Benign atypia (nonmalignant, abnormal findings) were observed in 25 percent of patients, and dyskaryotic changes (abnormalities in the cell nucleus) were detected in 2 percent of patients. There was no specific relation between HPV DNA and abnormal cell findings. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Cases, Statistics, Genetic aspects, Papillomavirus infections, Prevalence studies (Epidemiology)

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Adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix

Article Abstract:

The majority of cervical cancers are squamous cell carcinomas, which can be readily observed in a standard cervical, or Pap, smear. The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma has decreased in many western nations since the late 1960s, primarily due to widespread screening. Unfortunately, another cancer of the cervix, the cervical adenocarcinoma, has shown no such decrease. In order to evaluate the incidence of adenocarcinoma in Finland, 520 cases of cervical cancer, treated between 1976 and 1980, were reviewed. Of the 520 cases, 106 (20.4 percent) were cervical adenocarcinoma. Although some reports have suggested the incidence of adenocarcinoma of the cervix is on the rise, the data here suggest that the overall incidence has not changed. Since the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma is decreasing, however, the relative proportion of adenocarcinomas among cervical cancers is increasing. The examination of cervical smears was effective in detecting only 61.2 percent of the adenocarcinomas. This low sensitivity may account for some of the failure of the rate of adenocarcinomas of the cervix to decline. In addition, the two types of tumors may respond differently to treatment, or they may have fundamentally different biological characteristics. It is clear, however, that greater effort should be expended obtaining adequate endocervical cytologic specimens, perhaps using the endocervical brush. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Evaluation, Medical examination, Demographic aspects, Cervical cancer, Cervix uteri, Pap test, Adenocarcinoma, Vaginal smears

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Human papillomavirus DNA in urine specimens of men with condyloma acuminatum

Article Abstract:

Urine tests appear to be an effective way to screen for and monitor patients with human papillomavirus (HPV) or urethral condylomata. Urine samples from 29 patients with urethral condylomata, 3 patients with penile condylomata, and 15 healthy volunteers were tested for the presence of various strains of HPV. Tissue samples from 25 patients with condylomata were also tested for HPV. Seventy-six percent of the urine samples from patients with urethral condylomata were positive for HPV. Urine samples from none of the other participants were positive for HPV. All of the tissue samples were positive for HPV.

Analysis, Diagnosis, Condyloma acuminatum, Genital warts, Urine, Urinalysis

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