Characteristics of objects that cause choking in children
Article Abstract:
Balloons and round objects such as marbles, balls, peanuts and hard candy pose the greatest risk for young children who aspirate them. Researchers analyzed the records of 165 children who had surgery to remove a foreign object in their airway. Sixty-nine percent of the children were three years old or younger. Objects removed included food such as nuts, fruit pieces and popcorn. Non-food items included pen caps, small plastic pieces and coins. Five of the objects were larger than the Small Parts Test Fixture, an object used by the Consumer Product Safety Commission to determine the size of an object that could not be aspirated by a child. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 29% of all childhood deaths from asphyxiation of a foreign object between 1972 and 1992 were caused by balloons, 19% were caused by balls and marbles and 20% by toy parts.
Publication Name: JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0098-7484
Year: 1995
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Characteristics and Management of Postpolio Syndrome
Article Abstract:
Postpolio syndrome (PPS) is the development of weakness and fatigue in people with a history of polio. About half of all polio survivors may develop PPS and it may happen as soon as 8 years after the initial polio attack or as long as 71 years. The average onset is about 35 years. The cause is unknown but autopsies of 17 PPS patients found that 16 had inflammation of the spinal cord. Lifestyle changes are the best treatment, including energy conservation, weight loss, and the use of assistive devices. Exercise can be beneficial if done moderately and with many rest periods in between.
Publication Name: JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0098-7484
Year: 2000
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Behavioral and Neuroendocrine Characteristics of the Night-Eating Syndrome
Article Abstract:
There appears to be a hormonal basis for the night-eating syndrome (NES). People with NES eat mostly at night and often overeat at this time. In a study of 10 obese people with NES and 10 healthy volunteers, those with NES ate more often than the others and ate most of their calories at night. They often woke several times during the night and would often eat then. Blood tests revealed that the NES group had lower than normal blood levels of melatonin and leptin at night. Leptin is a hormone linked to obesity.
Publication Name: JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0098-7484
Year: 1999
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