Epithelial cells in peritoneal fluid - of endometrial origin?

Article Abstract:

Endometriosis may be seeded by menstrual fluid containing uterine lining cells entering the pelvic cavity via the Fallopian tubes. Sixteen women had a laparoscopy on day two to five of their menstrual cycle as part of an infertility workup. Fluid from within the pelvic cavity was collected as was a sample of menstrual fluid from the vagina and a sample of uterine endometrium. Biopsies were taken from areas of endometriosis, if found. Eight women had endometriosis. Pelvic cavity fluid was tinged red in all cases and contained red blood cells and cells from the lining of the uterus, which is called the endometrium. Clumps of recognizable endometrium were sometimes seen. Almost all pelvic fluid cells stained positive for surface proteins characteristic of the type of cells that line the uterus as did menstrual fluid cells and endometrial cells. Nine of 16 samples of pelvic fluid contained cells that stained positive for a protein specifically characteristic of uterine endometrial cells.

Menstruation

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Increased chemotactic activity of peritoneal fluid in patients with endometriosis

Article Abstract:

Women with endometriosis may have a higher level of chemotactic activity in their peritoneal fluid, or abdominal cavity fluid. Endometriosis is a disorder characterized by growth of tissue resembling the endometrium, or the mucous membrane of the uterus, in other parts of the pelvic cavity. Among 36 women whose samples of peritoneal fluid were evaluated for chemotactic activity, 20 were suffering from minimal to moderate endometriosis, eight were being treated with drugs to suppress endometriosis and 12 were healthy with normal fertility. Chemotactic activity was significantly higher in the peritoneal fluid of endometriosis patients than in the peritoneal fluid of the healthy individuals or of the endometriosis patients undergoing treatment. Chemotactic activity involves the migration of certain types of cells towards different chemoattractants.

Chemotaxis

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Increased monocyte chemotactic protein-1 level and activity in the peripheral blood of women with endometriosis

Article Abstract:

Women with endometriosis appear to have elevated blood levels of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1). Endometriosis is associated with a generalized inflammatory response, including activation of monocytes, a type of white blood cell. MCP-1 attracts and activates monocytes. Researchers measured MCP-1 levels and evaluated monocyte activity in blood samples taken from 57 women with endometriosis diagnosed at surgical examination and 44 women free of endometriosis as determined during tubal ligation. MCP-1 concentrations were higher in women with endometriosis. One-third to nearly half of monocyte activity could be inhibited by adding an antibody that blocked MCP-1.

Inflammation, Monocytes

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