Prognostic factors in lung cancer
Article Abstract:
The survival of cancer patients may be predicted by changes in blood group antigens and related antigens on the surface of tumor cells. A research study found that the survival of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer may be predicted by the presence of an antigen similar to blood group antigen H on the surface of tumor cells. This antigen can be stained with the monoclonal antibody MIA-15-5. The five-year survival rate for patients with MIA-positive tumors was 20.9%, compared with 58.6% among those with MIA-negative tumors. The MIA antibody that is used to stain tumors with the H antigen may inhibit cell mobility, and inhibit the spread of cancer cells to other parts of the body. Different carbohydrates on the surface of cells may control interactions between cells, and cell growth and differentiation. Changes in antigens on the surface of cells may allow early diagnosis of cancer in the future. Information about tumor cell antigens could also be used to direct the treatment of cancer patients.
Publication Name: The New England Journal of Medicine
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0028-4793
Year: 1992
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Suppression of retinoic acid receptor-beta in premalignant oral lesions and its up-regulation by isotretinoin
Article Abstract:
The expression of the retinoic acid receptor-beta appears to be lost in precancerous oral lesions but can be restored by isotretinoin. Researchers used RNA hybridization techniques to detect messenger RNA (mRNA) for the six types of retinoic acid receptors in oral biopsy samples of seven healthy people and 52 people with precancerous oral lesions. Messenger RNA for the retinoic acid receptor-beta was detected in all samples from the healthy volunteers, but in only 40% of samples from those with precancerous oral lesions. The group with precancerous oral lesions started taking 1.5 milligrams per kilogram of isotretinoin every day. Three months later, oral biopsies from 39 were tested for retinoic acid receptor-beta mRNA. It was found in 90% of the samples. Twenty-two patients responded to the treatment, and 82% had increased levels of retinoic acid receptor-beta mRNA, compared to 47% of those who did not respond to isotretinoin.
Publication Name: The New England Journal of Medicine
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0028-4793
Year: 1995
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