Expression of the gene for multidrug-resistance-associated protein and outcome in patients with neuroblastoma

Article Abstract:

High level activity of the gene for the multidrug-resistance-associated protein (MRP) in neuroblastoma tumors may predict poor survival of patients with the disease. MRP is thought to have a role in the resistance of certain cases of neuroblastoma, a childhood cancer, to a variety of chemotherapeutic agents. Researchers measured MRP gene activity in tumor samples from 60 patients with neuroblastoma. Five-year survival rates were 57% in patients with high MRP gene activity and 94% in those with low gene activity. Higher levels of MRP activity were found in tumors with N-myc oncogene amplification, a genetic abnormality, than in those without it. N-myc amplification is not a prognostic indicator when MRP activity is also considered in the prediction of patient outcome. This suggests that the N-myc protein regulates MRP gene activity. Activity of the MDR1 multi-drug resistance gene did not have prognostic value.

Drug resistance

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Allelic loss of chromosome 1p as a predictor of unfavorable outcome in patients with neuroblastoma

Article Abstract:

Allelic loss of chromosome 1p appears to be significantly associated with unfavorable outcomes in patients with neuroblastoma, and may be used in the detection of high risk patients. The allelic loss is one of a number of genetic abnormalities associated with neuroblastoma, a childhood cancer. Researchers compared DNA analysis of tumor tissue from 89 neuroblastoma patients with clinical characteristics. For patients with stage I, II, or IVS disease, average three-year event-free survival was 34% with allelic loss of chromosome 1p compared to 100% without it. Survival rates of patients with stage III or IV disease with and without the abnormality were 0% and 53%, respectively. The loss could identify those patients with neuroblastoma who should undergo more aggressive therapy.

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Gain of chromosome arm 17q and adverse outcome in patients with neuroblastoma

Article Abstract:

A gain of chromosome arm 17q appears to be associated with a poor prognosis in children with neuroblastoma. This occurs when the long arm of chromosome 17 becomes attached to another chromosome. Researchers used cytogenetic analysis to study chromosome 17 in tumor samples from 313 neuroblastoma patients. A gain of chromosome arm 17q occurred in 54% of the tumors. Patients with this chromosome abnormality had a five-year survival rate of 31%, compared to a five-year survival rate of 86% in those without the abnormality.

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