Eye injuries

Article Abstract:

According to the National Society for the Prevention of Blindness, there are more than two and a half million eye injuries in the United States each year. The identification and treatment of three different emergency injuries to eyes are described in detail, and illustrated with color photographs. Evaluation of eye injuries is discussed in detail, including examination of vision, the lid and area around the eye, the front of the eye, the pupils, the back of the eye (using an ophthalmoscope to light the interior, after pupil dilation), and pressure inside the eye. X-ray and ultrasonographic imaging of the eye are also described. The three types of emergencies discussed are chemical burn (often the result of work-related injuries), ruptured globe (corneal laceration) and bleeding into the front part of the eye (hyphema), usually caused by a blow with a blunt object. Children and the elderly often suffer eye injuries, but young men in their teens and twenties are the most likely to be injured. Although children had the smallest proportion of injuries, their injuries tended to the most severe. Eye injuries can frequently be prevented by using appropriate eye protection for work, home and sports activities. Eye care specialists should educate their patients on how to avoid dangerous situations and to protect their eyes. Polycarbonate lenses and frames provide the best protection at home, industrial goggles with side shields are best at certain worksites, and helmets with face masks are useful in sports. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Care and treatment, Eye burns, Ophthalmologic emergencies, Hyphema

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A 62-year-old Cape Verdean woman with blurred vision, diplopia, a suprasellar mass, and lymphocytic meningitis

Article Abstract:

A 62-year-old woman was diagnosed with neurocysticercosis. Neurocysticercosis is infection of the brain by the larval forms of Taenia solium, or tape worm. The patient was admitted to the hospital suffering from a brain cyst. She had been suffering from migraine headaches with nausea and vomiting for 15 to 20 years before being admitted to the hospital. She had developed double vision with visual blurring six months before admission. She had also been suffering from memory loss and weakness in one of her legs. She had immigrated to the US from the Cape Verde Islands, where she had cared for livestock. A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a tumor near her pituitary gland. A series of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans revealed two small cysts near a larger cyst. A blood test showed that she was suffering from neurocysticercosis. She was treated with praziquantel, but she failed to respond to treatment.

Case studies, Brain tumors, Cysticercosis

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Primary care: blurred vision

Article Abstract:

Blurred vision is mostly due to nonpathological causes such as refractive errors and psychological trauma whereas the less frequent pathological causes include pain in the ocular surface, the iris, and the periorbital areas. Eye examination techniques and diagnostic algorithms for use by nonopthalmologists are described.

United States, Diagnosis, Practice, Illustration, Eye, Vision disorders, Ophthalmology, Ocular manifestations of general diseases, Refractive errors, Eye manifestations

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