Genetic variation in alcohol dehydrogenase and the beneficial effect of moderate alcohol consumption on myocardial infarction

Article Abstract:

Men who have a gene that makes them metabolize alcohol slowly have a lower risk of a heart attack than men with a gene that makes them metabolize alcohol quickly. Even so, men in either group who drank moderate amounts of alcohol had a lower risk of heart attack than men who did not drink.

Prevention, Genetic aspects, Heart attack, Genetic polymorphisms, Alcohol metabolism

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Alcohol consumption and mortality among women

Article Abstract:

Light to moderate alcohol consumption appears to lower mortality rates in older women who have risk factors for heart disease. Researchers allocated 85,709 women in the Nurses' Health Study into three groups depending on their alcohol intake and followed them from 1980 to 1992 or until they died. Women who consumed 1.5 to 29.9 grams of alcohol daily were considered light to moderate drinkers. Only 4,521 women were classified as heavy drinkers. A total of 2,658 women died during the study. Light to moderate alcohol consumption was associated with a lower risk of death but only in the women over 50 who had one or more risk factors for heart disease. The reduced death rates were primarily a result of a reduced incidence of fatal heart disease in these women. Heavy drinkers had a higher mortality rate from non-cardiovascular diseases, particularly breast cancer and liver disease.

Cardiovascular diseases, Patient outcomes

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Postmenopausal hormone therapy and mortality

Article Abstract:

Estrogen replacement therapy does not appear to significantly reduce mortality rates from heart disease in women who have a low risk of the disease. This is one of the conclusions of the Nurses' Health Study, which has followed 121,700 female nurses since 1976. By 1994, 3,637 had died. Those who used estrogen replacement therapy had a lower risk of death compared to those who never had. However, the increased risk of breast cancer in hormone users reduced that benefit over time. Hormone users with risk factors for heart disease benefitted the most, whereas those without risk factors benefitted little.

Statistics, Hormone therapy, Estrogen, Estrogens

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