Giant cell tumor of bone: clinicopathologic and DNA flow cytometric analysis

Article Abstract:

Giant cell tumor of the bone is relatively common, and accounts for 21 percent of benign bone tumors. Although the tumor is considered to be benign, the local relapse rate is relatively high, ranging from 34 to 50 percent. Furthermore, metastases can be observed in 1 to 6 percent of cases; these metastases usually occur in the lungs. Previous research has shown that the site of the tumor, the histological appearance, or the radiological appearance are not good predictors of local recurrence or metastasis. Since the measurement of DNA ploidy (normal or abnormal chromosome complement) has been a useful prognostic indicator for several other tumors, the method was used to evaluate 60 cases of giant cell tumor. Of these 60 cases, 10 had local relapse and two patients developed metastatic disease in the lung. A total of 16 cases had an aneuploid, or abnormal, DNA content; six of these cases were among the 10 with local recurrence. Of the two with metastatic disease, one was aneuploid and one was diploid. This indicates that recurrence was more common among the aneuploid tumors, but this characteristic was of only marginal value in prognosis. A further finding, however, was that local recurrence seemed to be related to the method of treatment. While 31 of 60 patients were treated by curettage of the tumor, 9 of 10 patients with recurrence were treated with curettage rather than surgical resection. Furthermore, of the aneuploid patients, only one of six who relapsed was treated by surgical resection, while 9 of 10 unrelapsed aneuploid patients were treated by surgical resection. The results suggest that surgical resection for giant cell tumor of bone is superior to curettage with bone chip packing. However, when curettage was followed with packing with methylmethacrylate cement rather than bone chips, a relapse rate comparable to that associated with surgical resection was observed. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Research, Evaluation, Physiological aspects, Flow cytometry, Bone cancer, Ploidy, Curettage

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Extraskeletal osteosarcoma: a clinicopathological review of 26 cases

Article Abstract:

Osteosarcoma sarcoma, a form of bone cancer, is largely a disease of children and adolescents. However, men and women over 30 can develop a rare form of osteosarcoma which occurs in tissues outside of the bone. These cancers form bone and bone-like tissue outside the skeleton, and the prognosis for extraskeletal osteosarcoma is poor. A review of 26 patients with this cancer showed that most cases involved an enlarging soft tissue mass that was frequently located in the thigh. Various mixtures of cell types found resembled bone cells, cartilage cells, and connective tissue cells. Among the patients reported here, there was an almost two-to-one predominance of males. The size of the tumor was a particularly important prognostic factor; all patients with tumors greater than five centimeters died of their disease. The cancer is treated by surgical removal of the tumor followed by radiation or chemotherapy. Of the original 26 patients, seven are alive without evidence of disease at periods ranging from 30 to 122 months. Two patients, at 28 and 54 months, are alive but still have the disease, and 16 patients died of this cancer. (One patient died of unrelated causes.) Only about four percent of all osteosarcomas are extraskeletal; these tumors account for about 1.2 percent of all soft tissue sarcomas. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Prognosis, Sarcoma, Osteosarcoma

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