Biliary cryptosporidiosis in HIV-infected people after the waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in Milwaukee
Article Abstract:
A low CD4 count in HIV-infected people with cryptosporidiosis may increase the risk that this bacterial infection will affect the gall bladder or bile duct. Researchers analyzed the medical records of 82 HIV-infected people who developed cryptosporidiosis during a 1993 outbreak in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Of these people, 24 had pain in the region of their gall bladder and 58 did not. CD4 counts below 50 were observed in 88% of the people with gall bladder symptoms and in 63% of those without such symptoms. After one year 17% of the people with gall bladder pain were alive and 52% of the people without this symptom were alive. Statistical analysis suggested that low CD4 counts contributed to the risk of death and gall bladder symptoms. However, gall bladder symptoms did not independently contribute to the risk of death.
Publication Name: The New England Journal of Medicine
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0028-4793
Year: 1996
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Transmission of hepatitis B to patients from four infected surgeons without hepatitis B e antigen
Article Abstract:
It appears that surgeons can transmit hepatitis B virus (HBV) to their surgical patients even if they are carriers for HBV but do not carry the antigen for HBV (HBeAg). An antigen is a substance that triggers the immune response. HBV genetic material was isolated from blood samples of four surgeons suspected of infecting their patients with HBV and genetically compared with the four infected patients. The HBV from the surgeons matched their respective patients. While all of the surgeons carried HBV, none carried HBeAg. Further testing of other possibly infected patients identified two more HBV infections.
Publication Name: The New England Journal of Medicine
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0028-4793
Year: 1997
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