Impact of Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide-tetanus protein conjugate vaccine on responses to concurrently administered diptheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine

Article Abstract:

Hib vaccines may interfere with the pertussis component of the diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DPT) vaccine if the two vaccines are given at the same time. Of 222 infants vaccinated against DPT at two, four and six months of age, 148 also received the Hib vaccine, which protects children against infection by the bacterium Haemophilus influenzae type b. Seventy-one received the Hib vaccine mixed in the same syringe as the DPT vaccine, and 77 received it as a separate shot. Two months after each vaccination, blood samples were taken and tested for the presence of antibodies against each component of the DPT vaccine. All 222 infants produced adequate antibodies against the diphtheria and tetanus components of the DPT vaccine, but the infants who also received the Hib vaccine produced fewer antibodies against the pertussis component. Infants who received it mixed in the same syringe as the DPT vaccine had the lowest antibody levels.

Physiological aspects, DPT vaccine, Diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccines

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Maternal immunization with Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide-tetanus protein conjugate vaccine in the Gambia

Article Abstract:

Immunization of pregnant women with the Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) polysaccharide-tetanus protein conjugate vaccine (PRP-T) may help prevent Hib disease in infants before they are old enough to be immunized. Hib disease causes pneumonia and meningitis and often infects infants in developing countries before they can be immunized a the age of 2 months. A total of 451 pregnant women in The Gambia received PRP-T or meningococcal A and C vaccine. Their infants then received either PRP-T or polio vaccine as a control. Infants who were vaccinated and whose mothers were vaccinated had higher antibody levels at birth and 2 months than those whose mothers were not vaccinated. At 2 months, 60% of the infants whose mothers were vaccinated had levels of antibody that are believed to provide protection. However, only 26% of the infants whose mothers were not vaccinated has such antibody level.

Usage, Pregnant women, Gambia

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Treatment and vaccination strategies to control cholera in sub-Saharan refugee settings: a cost-effectiveness analysis

Article Abstract:

Giving African refugees appropriate fluids at the establishment of a refugee camp appears to be the most cost-effective way to prevent cholera. Researchers compared various strategies for preventing cholera in a hypothetical refugee camp of 50,000 people. The strategies included providing rehydration therapy at the start of the camp or waiting until cholera broke out. Vaccination before or after cholera broke out was also considered. Providing rehydration therapy before an outbreak was the most cost-effective strategy. Vaccination was very expensive but could be an option if the cost falls below 22 cents per dose.

Economic aspects, Prevention, Vaccination, Cholera, Refugees, African, African refugees

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