Incidence of and treatment for ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast

Article Abstract:

The incidence of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast (DCIS) is increasing due to the increased use of screening mammography but it is not clear whether these tumors require aggressive treatment. Researchers used data from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program to determine the incidence of DCIS and the use of mastectomy to treat it. The incidence of DCIS increased 557% between 1973 and 1992, from 2.4 cases per 100,000 women to 15.8 per 100,000 women. In 1992 there were 15,583 more cases than would be expected, all of which could be attributed to screening mammography. In 1992, 43.8% of cases were treated by mastectomy, down from 71% in 1983. Conversely, the percentage of cases treated by lumpectomy with or without radiation increased. Survival rates were 100%. Autopsies on women who have died of causes other than breast cancer reveal that DCIS may be fairly common.

Demographic aspects, Carcinoma in situ

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Efficacy of screening mammography: a meta-analysis

Article Abstract:

Screening mammography may significantly reduce the breast cancer death rate in women between the ages of 50 and 74. Researchers used meta-analytic techniques to combine the results of 13 studies that evaluated the effectiveness of screening mammography in reducing breast cancer deaths. In women between the ages of 50 and 74, screening mammography reduced the breast cancer death rate by 26%. In younger women between the ages of 40 and 49, screening mammography did not significantly affect the breast cancer death rate. The number of mammographic views taken at each screening, the period of time between screenings, the duration of follow-up and the addition of a clinical breast examination did not have a significant effect on the breast cancer death rate in women of either age group.

Patient outcomes, Mortality, Mammography

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Adding heparin to aspirin reduces the incidence of myocardial infarction and death in patients with unstable angina: a meta-analysis

Article Abstract:

Adding heparin to aspirin appears to reduce the risk of a heart attack in people with unstable chest pain. Heparin and aspirin both inhibit the formation of blood clots. Researchers used meta-analysis to evaluate 6 studies of the combined use of heparin and aspirin compared with aspirin alone. Overall, the combination of heparin and aspirin reduced the risk of a heart attack by 33%. However, patients receiving both drugs had a greater risk of bleeding.

Unstable angina, Drug therapy, Aspirin, Drug therapy, Combination, Combination drug therapy, Heparin

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