Influenza prevention, 1989-1990

Article Abstract:

Influenza is a contagious respiratory infection, characterized by sudden onset, fever, chills, headache, muscle pain, and exhaustion. Congestion and inflammation of the nose, cough, and sore throat are also common, and the disease usually lasts from two to seven days. A new influenza vaccine is available for the 1989-1990 influenza season, and consists of three different types of inactivated influenza virus. The vaccine is available in three different preparations, including the whole virus, split-virus, and surface portion of the virus, from four drug companies. The split-virus and purified-surface-antigen preparations are less likely to cause adverse reactions than the whole virus preparation. The appropriate doses and preparations for various age groups are discussed. Outbreaks of influenza reach a peak in January and February. Since protection from the vaccine begins two weeks after injection and lasts for six months, the optimal time for vaccination is in November, with a second vaccination before December if required. The drug amantadine prevents illness in 70 to 90 percent of adults, but does not prevent infection by influenza B strains. Amantadine is effective against all strains of type A influenza virus, and can be used in persons who cannot tolerate the vaccine or as a supplement to the vaccine. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Health aspects, Vaccination, Amantadine

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Influenza vaccine, 1995-1996

Article Abstract:

A new influenza vaccine for the 1995-1996 winter season contains two new antigens, A/Johannesburg and B/Harbin. Researchers recommend seasonal vaccination of chronically ill patients, children with asthma, all elderly patients, and residents of long-term institutions. A single injection of 0.5 milliliters is sufficient for adults and children over three years old. Influenza preparations from four different manufacturers are similar in price, costing between $3 and $4 for each dose and syringe. Adverse reactions are typically minor and may include soreness at the injection site and fever. It may be safe to vaccinate pregnant women. Ideally, the time to protect against influenza involves early vaccination in autumn. Influenza vaccines become effective one or two weeks after inoculation and remain so for about six months.

Product/Service Evaluation, Dosage and administration, Fluzone (Vaccine)

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Influenza vaccine, 1990-1991

Article Abstract:

Anew influenza vaccine is now available, and is recommended for elderly and high-risk patients, and for people who come in contact with these individuals. This vaccine is made from inactivated viruses, and is available from three different manufacturers in split-virus, whole-virus, and purified-surface-antigen preparations. The whole-virus preparation is slightly more antigenic, and may cause more adverse reactions. A single intramuscular injection is sufficient for most people, but children under nine years old should receive two doses. Since the influenza season is generally between December and February, it is recommended that shots be given in November, as the effects are thought to last approximately six months. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Innovations, Reports, Vaccines

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