Marrow conversion before pneumatization of the sphenoid sinus: assessment with MR imaging

Article Abstract:

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has been reported to be sensitive to changes in bone marrow. Evaluation of childhood development of the sphenoid sinus, a large bone at the base of the skull, offers researchers a valuable means to test MR imaging capabilities in the assessment of bone marrow maturation. Development of the sphenoid sinus begins during the third or fourth month of prenatal life, and continues until it attains maturity at about fourteen years of age. Bone marrow in the neonate is almost entirely red marrow. As a child gets older, the marrow is progressively converted to fatty marrow. The factors that initiate and control this conversion from red to fatty marrow are not well understood. MR imaging is useful for the investigation of bone marrow changes with correlation to anatomical development. Understanding these changes, through the study of the development of the sphenoid sinus by MR imaging, will contribute to the greater knowledge about the normal process of bone marrow development.

Growth, Bone marrow, Paranasal sinuses

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Neurofibromatosis types 1 and 2: cranial MR findings

Article Abstract:

Magnetic resonance (MR) images of patients with neurofibromatosis 1 (NF-1) and neurofibromatosis 2 (NF-2) were retrospectively compared. The comparison of the MR images was made in order to better define these disorders and help tailor the MR imaging examinations to the specific conditions presented in cases of NF-1 and NF-2. Both of these disorders have a genetic link, and are characterized by abnormal tissue growth in the brain, such as a tumor. This study successfully differentiated these two closely-related diseases. NF-2 is now known to be characterized by cranial nerve schwannomas, benign tumors of part of the sheath that surrounds a nerve as well as tumors of the meninges, the membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. NF-1 has now been associated with tumors of astrocytes or nerve cells in the brain and neurons. In conclusion, the investigators have found strong evidence that NF-1 and NF-2 are separate and distinct disorders.

Diagnosis, Neurofibromatosis, Neurofibroma

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Normal deposition of brain iron in childhood and adolescence: MR imaging at 1.5 T

Article Abstract:

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has been used to locate iron deposits in the brain associated with both normal and abnormal conditions. MR brain scanning to locate and assess the deposition of iron has the potential to provide biochemical information about brain activity. In clinical trials, researchers imaged patients between the ages of two and 25 years of age for iron deposits in the brain and central nervous system (CNS). It appears that iron plays an important role in nerve transmission activity in the CNS. Diseases such as multiple sclerosis, an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system, may result in abnormal iron deposition that can be detected with MR imaging.

Causes of, Iron in the body, Iron (Nutrient), Central nervous system, Multiple sclerosis

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