Nephrology

Article Abstract:

Research in the treatment of kidney diseases includes a study showing that the ACE inhibitor benazepril may reduce the progression of kidney disease. However, the drug appeared to increase mortality rates. Nevertheless, there is evidence to show that ACE inhibitors may be beneficial in preventing kidney deterioration in patients with hypertension who have mild kidney dysfunction. A study of kidney transplants revealed that graft survival rates were higher when the graft was from a living person rather than a cadaver. Research shows that noncellulosic dialysis membranes may be better than cuprophane membranes.

Health aspects, Equipment and supplies, Prevention, ACE inhibitors, Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, Kidneys, Kidney transplantation, Kidney diseases, Hemodialysis equipment

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Grafts vs fistulas for hemodialysis patients: equal access for all?

Article Abstract:

The trend toward using synthetic grafts to provide vascular access for hemodialysis in people with end-stage kidney disease should be reversed. A 1996 study found that about 3 times as many patients had been given a graft as had been given an arteriovenous fistula. Women, the elderly, the poor and those with pre-existing medical conditions were more likely to receive grafts. This could be an indication that these patients are being referred for dialysis too late. Fistulas are safer and less costly but must be created several months before dialysis.

Editorial, Methods, Usage, Surgery, Blood vessels, Vascular surgery, Fistula, Arteriovenous, Arteriovenous fistula

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Dose of Hemodialysis and Survival: Differences by Race and Sex

Article Abstract:

The assumption that all dialysis patients must receive enough dialysis to lower their blood urea levels by 60% or more may not be correct. In a study of 18,144 black and white patients receiving dialysis, the probability of death among black men and women did not vary significantly between urea reduction values of 40% to 75%. Conversely, the probability of death was signficantly higher in white men and women whose urea reduction values were less than 60%.

Ethnic groups

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