Osteoporotic bone fragility: detection by ultrasound transmission velocity
Article Abstract:
Osteoporosis, a bone disorder caused by a reduction in the amount of bone mass, may lead to bone fractures. It most commonly occurs in post-menopausal women. Ultrasound, a diagnostic procedure which uses changes in the velocity of sound as a measure of its absorption by the bone, was evaluated as a screening method for the presence of osteoporotic bone fragility by measuring bone mass and bone fragility. Bone was measured in 293 pre- and post-menopausal osteoporotic women. Older women had significantly lower measurements of ultrasound transmission velocity than younger, pre-menopausal women. The ultrasound transmission velocity technique was able to distinguish between normal bone and bone of osteoporotic women as well as to measure the mass of spinal bone. The ultrasound transmission velocity screening method proves to be a cost-effective means of testing bone fragility separately from measuring bone mass and may be considered a new tool for examining women for osteoporotic fragility.
Publication Name: JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0098-7484
Year: 1989
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Bone gain in young adult women
Article Abstract:
The bone mass, or bone mineral density, of healthy nonpregnant white women may still increase in their late teens and early twenties after the completion of linear growth. Among 156 healthy nonpregnant white women between 18 and 26 years old who were followed over an average of three years, the average increase in bone mineral density per decade was 4.8% for the forearm, 6.8% for the lumbar spine and 12.5% for the total body. Increases in the bone mineral density of the lumbar spine decreased with age, but increased with exercise and dietary calcium intake. The average increase in total body bone mass increased with the use of oral contraceptives. The estimated age at which increases in bone mineral density stopped ranged from 28 to 30 years old. Women who exercise and increase the amount of calcium in their diet during early adulthood may reduce their risk of developing osteoporosis later in life.
Publication Name: JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0098-7484
Year: 1992
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The Effect of Low-Dose Continuous Estrogen and Progesterone Therapy with Calcium and Vitamin D on Bone in Elderly Women
Article Abstract:
Low-dose hormone replacement therapy with supplemental calcium and vitamin D may increase bone mineral density in older women as well as higher-dose hormone therapy alone. Researchers treated 128 women with low bone mass with estrogen and progesterone, or placebo. All of the women took supplemental calcium and vitamin D. In 3.5 years, bone density increased 5% in women who took the drugs as directed.
Publication Name: Annals of Internal Medicine
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0003-4819
Year: 1999
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