Oxidative DNA damage and cellular sensitivity to oxidative stress in human autoimmune diseases

Article Abstract:

The lymphocytes of patients with certain autoimmune diseases may be more vulnerable to reactive species of oxygen than those from healthy individuals. This may result in more damage to DNA and higher susceptibility to killing by hydrogen peroxide. Autoimmune diseases are characterized by an immune response against the body's own tissues. Oxidative damage to DNA was examined in lymphocytes from patients with various autoimmune diseases and from healthy individuals (control group). Significantly more oxidative damage to DNA was found in the lymphocytes of patients with autoimmune diseases than in those of the control group. The toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide were greater in the lymphocytes of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. Increased susceptibility to hydrogen peroxide was not observed in the lymphocytes of scleroderma patients.

Causes of, Autoimmune diseases, DNA damage, Lymphocytes, Active oxygen, Active oxygen in the body

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Iron in joint inflammation

Article Abstract:

Patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis often develop anemia. Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disease that affects the joints. Anemia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis is caused by abnormalities in iron metabolism. These abnormalities result in decreased blood levels of iron and hemoglobin but increased blood levels of ferritin, the iron storage protein. Decreased blood levels of iron may be caused by abnormalities in the release of iron from cells of the reticuloendothelial (RE) system. The RE system plays a central role in iron storage and release in the body. Ferritin often is deposited in the joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. This accumulation of ferritin in the joints may be associated with the level of anemia. The level of disease activity may also be determined by the amount of ferritin accumulated in the joints.

Iron in the body, Iron (Nutrient)

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Thrombin receptor expression in rheumatoid and osteoarthritic synovial tissue

Article Abstract:

An enzyme called thrombin may be an important factor in initiating the inflammation process in the joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The presence of thrombin receptors was determined in tissue samples from 4 normal joints, 16 joints with osteoarthritis, and 20 joints with rheumatoid arthritis. All of the samples from patients with rheumatoid arthritis had many cells with thrombin receptors while only a few of the other sample cells contained these receptors. Receptors for a non-specific enzyme called esterase were also present in some samples from patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Development and progression, Osteoarthritis, Thrombin

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