Postmenopausal estrogen therapy and the risk for developing systemic lupus erythematosus
Article Abstract:
Postmenopausal estrogen therapy may increase a woman's risk of developing systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). SLE is an autoimmune disease of unknown cause, but risk factors include female sex and genetic, environmental and hormonal factors. Researchers following 69,435 women 30 to 55 years old in The Nurses' Health Study from 1976 to 1990 found that 45 women developed SLE. Thirty were taking hormone replacement therapy or had done so in the past and 15 had never used hormones. Current or past hormone users were twice as likely to develop SLE as those who never used hormones. Women who were taking hormone replacement therapy had a slightly higher risk of SLE than past users. The longer the women had been taking hormones, the higher their risk of SLE. Once they stopped, their risk dropped as the length of time since their last use of hormones increased.
Publication Name: Annals of Internal Medicine
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0003-4819
Year: 1995
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Weight gain as a risk factor for clinical diabetes mellitus in women
Article Abstract:
Women who gain a moderate amount of weight may have a significantly increased risk of developing diabetes. A large follow-up study of 114,281 female registered nurses aged 30 to 55 years found that 2204 women were diagnosed with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). As compared with their body mass index at age 18, even modest weight gains of 7 kilograms were associated with an increased risk of diabetes. Conversely, women who lost as little as 5 to 10.9 kg had a significantly decreased risk for diabetes. Women who gained weight in middle age had an increased risk for diabetes, although the relative risk was smaller than for those who gained weight since age 18. Weight guidelines which imply that adult weight gains are normal and healthy may be incorrect.
Publication Name: Annals of Internal Medicine
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0003-4819
Year: 1995
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Myocardial infarction and the use of estrogen and estrogen-progestogen in postmenopausal women
Article Abstract:
Estrogen replacement therapy may not necessarily reduce a postmenopausal woman's risk of a heart attack. Researchers analyzed estrogen or estrogen-progestogen use in 636 women 45 to 74 years of age who were admitted to a hospital for a suspected heart attack. Women who used estrogen or estrogen-progestogen had the same rate of heart attack as women who did not use hormone therapy. This was true even after adjusting for other risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The risk was similar in current hormone users and past hormone users and was not affected by duration of hormone use.
Publication Name: Annals of Internal Medicine
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0003-4819
Year: 1997
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- Abstracts: Prior and current health characteristics of postmenopausal estrogen replacement therapy users compared with nonusers
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