Potential applications of proviral load measurement in clinical retrovirology

Article Abstract:

There seems to be only a marginal association between proviral load levels and CD4 cell counts in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Proviral load is measured by using a microtiter plate assay for HIV proviral DNA. The association, in conjunction with other indicators, may be useful in defining levels of disease progression in the early, presymptomatic stages of HIV infection. Researchers tested blood samples of 199 HIV-infected patients for HIV DNA levels and CD4 cell counts and classified the patients according to their CD4 cell count. They found HIV DNA in 193 of the 199 patients tested. The patients had a mean CD4 cell count of 271. Patients with higher levels of HIV DNA tended to have lower CD4 cell counts. A total of 52% of the patients with mild HIV disease had low CD4 cell counts.

Measurement, Viremia, CD4 lymphocytes, Viral load

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Accuracy of a saliva test for HIV antibody

Article Abstract:

Saliva tests for the HIV-1 antibody can be used for surveillance purposes, but are not sensitive enough for screening or diagnosis. Saliva tests and blood tests were compared for 1,256 participants from an HIV/AIDS clinic, an outpatient hemophilia clinic, an outreach program and a self-referral testing clinic had . A single saliva test using the Omni-Sal collection device accurately identified 358 of 368 HIV-positive people and all of 888 HIV-negative people. Ten HIV-positive people tested negative on the saliva test. Compared to blood tests, saliva tests offer lower costs, easier collection, and wider geographic use.

Testing, Statistics, Saliva, HIV seropositivity, HIV positive

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Characterization of proviral DNA from an individual with long-term, nonprogressive infection with HIV-1 and nonrecoverable virus

Article Abstract:

HIV DNA isolated from an individual with a long-term, nonprogressive infection contains few mutations associated with virus promoter or enhancer activities. Of 38 mutations identified, only 4 affect promoter or enhancer aspects. Contributions to the understanding of HIV progression, and applications for HIV vaccine development, are discussed.

Japan, Statistical Data Included

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