Progress toward achieving the 1990 high blood pressure objectives

Article Abstract:

The Centers for Disease Control claim that 58 million people in the United States have high blood pressure (HBP), increasing their risk of stroke, heart disease, and kidney failure. Nine of the 1990 Health Objectives for the Nation targeted HBP, and seven have been met, at least in part. First, at least 50 percent of adults are able to state the major risk factors for heart disease. Second, at least 90 percent of adults are able to say whether their blood pressure is high, normal, or low. Third, there are effective public programs to identify and follow-up on those with HBP in all geopolitical areas of this country. Fourth, at least 50 percent of processed foods in grocery stores list salt and calorie content. Fifth, categories for HBP control have been defined (i.e., unaware; aware, not under treatment; aware, under care, not controlled; aware, under care, controlled; aware, monitored without therapy). Sixth, regional data sets are being developed to determine the incidence of HBP, coronary heart disease, congestive heart failure, and strokes. However, the second part of this goal, ongoing surveillance of heart disease, has not been met. Seventh, control of HBP for at least 60 percent of those affected has probably been met at the older standard (160/95 mm Hg prior to 1984), but not at the newer standard of 140/90 mm Hg. There has been progress, but because nonpharmacological measures are not included, the actual success has probably been underestimated. Eighth, the goal of reducing overweight (above 120 percent of ''desired'' weight) in the population to 10 percent of men and 17 percent of women will not been met. Ninth, it cannot be determined whether average daily salt intake for adults has been reduced, because of the difficulty of measurement. The National High Blood Pressure Education Program (NHBPEP) is responsible for improvements in blood pressure control that have helped to decrease the incidence of stroke and heart disease; however, efforts and resources are needed to treat the 30 million people not in treatment, especially blacks, who are disproportionately affected by this condition. Nonpharmacologic strategies must be emphasized as well. The successful education program for HBP could be applied to other risk factors and diseases. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Hypertension, Cardiovascular diseases, Study and teaching, Stroke (Disease), Stroke

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Alcohol Policy and Sexually Transmitted Disease Rates--United States, 1981-1995

Article Abstract:

Increasing the cost of alcoholic drinks and the minimum age for legally buying alcohol might reduce the rate of sexually transmitted diseases among young people. Alcohol might make teenagers engage in more risky sexual behavior. Researches compared gonorrhea rates in the 50 states and District of Columbia with the states' policies on alcohol taxation and legal drinking age. Increases in alcohol taxes and the legal drinking age were associated with lower rates of gonorrhea among teenagers.

Sexually transmitted diseases, Taxation, Alcohol, Ethanol, Sexually transmitted disease prevention, Drinking age

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