Public health assessment - Russian Federation
Article Abstract:
In early 1992, the US Food and Humanitarian Assistance Bureau (FHA) conducted a survey of health care and need for assistance in the Russian Federation. Seventy-five percent of all deaths in Russia are caused by cardiovascular disease, cancer and trauma, and 3% are caused by infectious diseases. The incidence of diptheria, whooping cough and measles increased during 1991. Production of vaccines for these and other diseases has decreased, and the measles vaccine has not been available since Dec 1991. Care of newborn infants and patients with chronic diseases has been limited by severe shortages of drugs and medical supplies. The number of women and children with anemia and micronutrient deficiencies has increased. The elderly, the unemployed, the homeless, the displaced and single-parent families are most at risk for malnutrition. The FHA has recommended assistance to the Russian Federation including assistance with food programs, and provision of the measles vaccine, drugs and medical supplies.
Publication Name: JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0098-7484
Year: 1992
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Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of pulmonary embolism: report of the WHO/International Society and Federation of Cardiology Task Force
Article Abstract:
Blood clots that form in the lower legs can travel to the lungs (pulmonary embolism), with severe consequences. Risk factors for pulmonary embolism are surgery, trauma, immobilization, cancer, pregnancy and obesity. It is often difficult to diagnose. Diagnostic tests include ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scanning, echocardiography, Doppler ultrasound imaging of the legs, and pulmonary angiography. Patients diagnosed with pulmonary embolism should be treated with thrombolytic drugs to break up the clot, and anticoagulants to prevent continuing clot formation. It is easier and cheaper to prevent pulmonary embolism, and this can be done by giving surgical patients compression stockings or boots that will stimulate blood circulation in the legs. They can also be given heparin, dextran or warfarin, which are anticoagulants. Individuals undergoing orthopedic surgery, surgery for gynecological cancer, or those who are immobilized have the highest risk of pulmonary embolism.
Publication Name: JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0098-7484
Year: 1992
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Health care, medical practice, and medical ethics in Russia today
Article Abstract:
Russian doctors and scientists are establishing ties to the West, which will aid them in dealing with the serious medical problems in Russia. Quality of life and life expectancy have been declining in Russia. Infant mortality and infectious diseases are rising. The population is suffering from inadequate nutrition, alcoholism and smoking addiction. Although Soviets are guaranteed access to free health care, most hospitals lack proper facilities, basic supplies and medications. Russia has an oversupply of physicians, and they are poorly paid and inadequately trained. Factory workers earn twice the average salary of doctors, who receive only $24 per month. Russian people often refuse treatment and surgery, partly due to a lack of confidence and choice in medical care. Bribery is often used to get better care.
Publication Name: JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0098-7484
Year: 1995
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