Radiology
Article Abstract:
The field of radiology includes the use of traditional X-ray techniques, along with new developments in diagnostic technology. In recent years, mammography has made an important impact upon the health of women by detecting breast cancers at very early stages. The principle is old, but the technology necessary to distinguish subtle changes in soft tissue are quite modern. In contrast with X-rays, magnetic resonance imaging relies upon very new principles to provide images of remarkable clarity and sharpness. This technique is already widely used for the limbs, chest, and abdomen, and is clearly established as the best imaging system for the brain. However, improvements are still being made. Improved images may be obtained by using additional magnetic coils that are pressed against the surface of the body. Technology is influencing radiology in other ways as well. Now that computers can be used to store the image data in digital form, the problem of lost X-rays may be solved. A distinct advantage of this method is that digitized images may be transmitted to other radiologists for conference without the original film ever leaving the file. Many radiologists are excited about the advent of 'interventional radiology', in which imaging techniques are used to guide other procedures such as the insertion of a catheter into an artery damaged by atherosclerosis. Technological advances in radiology show no signs of slowing down. The newest methods include a technique called 'spiral' computed tomography, in which 15 images of high resolution are obtained over a 20-second period. This method not only provides better reconstruction of three-dimensional structures, but also insight into physiology as well. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)
Publication Name: JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0098-7484
Year: 1991
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Radiology
Article Abstract:
Radiology is benefitting from technological improvements such as the development of spiral computed tomography (CT), the use of magnetic response imaging (MRI) to visualize the vascular system, the expansion of the field of interventional radiology and the use of mammography to detect not only breast tumors, but also to evaluate silicon breast implant safety. Because the use of spiral CT can reduce the length of scanning time, it also allows practitioners to use less contrast material, which may lead to lower costs and lower toxicity for the patient. An adaptation of MRI permits the imaging of blood, veins and arteries. Catheters placed using interventional radiological techniques are less invasive than surgical procedures and almost equally effective. The economics of radiology are coming under scrutiny as questions about physicians who refer patients to imaging centers where the physician has a financial interest are raised.
Publication Name: JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0098-7484
Year: 1993
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Radiology
Article Abstract:
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can detect active regions of the brain. It has helped to identify the region responsible for visual memory. Physicians are trying to use MRI to view the cardiovascular system without using intravenous dyes as in other methods. Techniques permitting shorter examinations will cut costs. Color Doppler, a form of ultrasound, allows the physician to identify blood flow and flow direction in real time. Improvements in ultrasound transducers allow doctors to place them inside the body. An example is the vaginal transducer, which permits the vaginal diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy. Another technique allows radiologists to put a shunt into the liver to relieve pressure in one part of the liver. The high cost of radiologic procedures will be reduced with new techniques, as well as ordering only appropriate tests based on good science.
Publication Name: JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0098-7484
Year: 1992
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