Relationship of human papillomavirus type to grade of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

Article Abstract:

Women with abnormal cervical smears diagnosed as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2 or 3 are more likely to be infected with human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16, 18 or 33 than women with CIN 1. These HPV types are most often associated with invasive cancer. A total of 276 cervical biopsy samples from women diagnosed with an abnormal Pap smear were analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction to detect HPV DNA. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was used to determine the exact HPV type in the tissue. CIN 1 samples were more likely to have many different HPV types, and only 29% contained HPV types 16, 18 or 33. CIN 2 and 3 samples were more likely to have only a few HPV types, and 88% contained HPV 16, 18 or 33. Since there was little difference in HPV type between CIN 2 and 3 samples, it may be more accurate to call these smears high-grade CIN, and CIN 1 smears low-grade CIN. Low-grade CIN may be less likely to progress to high-grade CIN.

Cervix uteri biopsy

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Evaluation of the Hybrid Capture human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid detection test

Article Abstract:

A new test for human papillomavirus may accurately identify virus types that are more likely to cause cervical cancer. Researchers analyzed cervical tissue samples using the Hybrid Capture test and verified these results with the polymerase chain reaction. The Hybrid Capture test identified human papillomavirus in high risk samples 92% of the time compared with the polymerase chain reaction. The Hybrid Capture test identified low-risk cervical tumors in 80% of cases, and identified more serious cervical tumors or cervical cancer in 79% of cases. The Hybrid Capture test incorrectly identified some low-risk papillomavirus samples as being at higher risk for cervical cancer.

Evaluation, Nucleic acid hybridization

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Measuring cervical ectopy: direct visual assessment versus computerized planimetry

Article Abstract:

Direct visual inspection of cervical ectopy may be comparable to computer planimetry analysis if 5% acetic acid is applied first. Cervical ectopy may be a risk factor for HIV infection. Researchers compared the diagnoses of cervical ectopy by three raters who performed direct visual assessment before and after application of 5% acetic acid and by computer planimetry. Computer planimetry seemed the most consistent tool for determining the percent of ectopy. Direct visual assessment after application of 5% acetic acid should be sufficient when computer planimetry cannot be used.

Diagnosis, Medical examination, Cervix diseases

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