Sexually transmitted diseases, human immunodeficiency virus, and pregnancy prevention: combined contraceptive practices among urban African-American early adolescents

Article Abstract:

Many urban African American youth may be using condoms in addition to other contraceptive methods or as their sole birth control method. An AIDS education program may increase condom use. Overall, 383 black urban youths between 9 and 15 years old participated in an evaluation of risk behavior and a study of the effects of an AIDS education program. Of these, 138 were sexually experienced before entering the study. Participants were followed up at six-month intervals for 18 months. Percentages of youths reporting contraceptive use at the follow-up points ranged from 62% to 79%. Over half used condoms as their sole method or in combination with other methods. Of youths using oral contraceptives, 88% or more also reported using condoms at each follow-up point. Receiving an AIDS education intervention was positively correlated with more effective contraceptive use. Over 80 of the participants who took oral contraceptives began using condoms as well after receiving AIDS education.

Sexual behavior, Sexually transmitted diseases, Research, Usage, Prevention, Sexually transmitted disease prevention, Contraception, Safe sex, African American youth, African American teenagers

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Poison Prevention Counseling

Article Abstract:

Counseling parents before the fact about the possibility of their child becoming accidentally poisoned can be a vital part of well-child care. Accidental poisoning is a major pediatric health problem, with well over a million cases a year in the United States, 10,000 of which result in major physical reactions such as seizures and heart stoppage. In 1992, the cost for treatment came to $3 billion. Some 5% to 7% of all pediatric emergencies are treatment for poisoning. Anticipatory guidance counseling of parents on the problem may be effective in reducing risks and preventing such emergencies.

Poisons

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Vaccine liability and safety revisited

Article Abstract:

Physicians must keep informed of the measures that have been taken to ensure vaccine safety and compensate children who are injured by vaccination. A 1982 documentary about the dangers of the diphtheria-pertussis (DTP) vaccine spurred hundreds of lawsuits that threatened vaccine supply. An acellular vaccine (DTaP) has been created that may minimize adverse effects. Congress created the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program in 1986 and since then, the number of lawsuits has dropped dramatically. The FDA also provides the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System.

Editorial, Complications and side effects, Vaccination of children, Vaccination, Vaccines

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