Stress urinary incontinence: where are we now, where should we go?

Article Abstract:

Carefully identifying the specific biological reason for urinary incontinence in women may better determine an appropriate treatment. Controlling urine flow involves a complex coordination of muscles by the local nerves. Incontinence can be caused by several reasons including weak, stressed, or damaged muscles or damage to nerves controlling the pelvic floor muscles. Patients who have muscle or nerve damage at or near the urinary opening may be better candidates for surgical correction of the incontinence. Incontinent patients with intact but weakened muscles may be better candidates for pelvic exercise treatment.

Health aspects, Care and treatment, Women, Urinary incontinence, Women's health

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Comparison of ureteral and cervical descents during vaginal hysterectomy for uterine prolapse

Article Abstract:

Ligaments inside the pelvis can be shortened to support the cervix in women with uterine prolapse who have had a hysterectomy. Uterine prolapse occurs when the cervix protrudes through the vagina. If the uterus is removed, the vagina may sag. Ligaments in the pelvis can be shortened to support the vagina, but the kidney ureters pass through these ligaments. Researchers found that these ligaments could be shortened without damaging the ureters, especially in women with severe prolapse.

Surgery, Uterus, Uterine prolapse, Ligaments

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A technique to evaluate the thickness and density of nonvascular smooth muscle in the suburethral fibromuscular layer

Article Abstract:

The thickness and density of the smooth muscle that supports the urethra varies considerably among women, according to a study of autopsy tissue samples. This could explain why some women develop urinary incontinence and why urinary incontinence may be hard to treat. The urethra is the tube through which urine flows from the bladder.

Measurement, Urethra, Smooth muscle

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