Caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee effects on plasma lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoproteins, and lipase activity: a controlled, randomized trial

Article Abstract:

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the US. The relationship between high fat diets, high blood cholesterol levels, and CHD has been well established. Several studies have compared caffeine intake with increased amounts of cholesterol in the blood, but these studies have produced inconsistent results. Therefore, a study was performed to learn more about the effects of coffee drinking on blood cholesterol levels and to compare the effects of regular coffee (with caffeine) and decaffeinated coffee. The study included 181 men who drank an average of three to six cups of coffee per day. None of the subjects smoked, had high blood pressure, were obese, or had high blood cholesterol levels at the beginning of the study. For the first two months of the study, all subjects continued to drink regular coffee at their usual daily rate. During the second two months, the subjects were divided into three groups. The first group (62 men) continued to drink regular coffee, the second group (61) switched to decaffeinated coffee, and the third group (58 men) stopped drinking coffee altogether. Blood cholesterol levels, blood pressure, and heart rate were monitored during each study period. Changing from regular coffee to no coffee at all had no effect on blood pressure, heart rate, or blood cholesterol levels. However, blood levels of low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B increased in the group that switched from regular to decaffeinated coffee. Also, the decaffeinated coffee group had lower blood levels of the enzyme lipoprotein lipase, which breaks down fatty acids. It is concluded that a substance in the coffee other than caffeine is responsible for increasing blood cholesterol levels. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Measurement, Risk factors, Coffee (Beverage), Coronary heart disease, Caffeine, Coffee, Blood cholesterol, Lipoproteins, Blood lipoproteins, Lipoprotein lipase

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Effects of diet and exercise in men and postmenopausal women with low levels of HDL cholesterol and high levels of LDL cholesterol

Article Abstract:

Regular exercise may be even more important than diet in lowering elevated LDL cholesterol levels. Elevated LDL cholesterol is a risk factor for heart disease. Researchers randomly assigned 180 postmenopausal women and 197 men, all of whom had elevated LDL cholesterol, to no treatment, exercise, the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Step 2 diet, or exercise and the diet. Only those who exercised successfully lowered their LDL cholesterol levels, whether they were on the diet or not.

Care and treatment, Exercise, Exercise physiology, Low-fat diet, Low fat diet, Hypercholesterolemia

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