The clinical importance of the urinary excretion of aquaporin-2

Article Abstract:

The presence of aquaporin-2 in urine may help in the understanding of diabetes insipidus. Diabetes insipidus patients cannot concentrate their urine and excrete a large amount of water. Aquaporin-2 is a membrane protein involved in increasing urine concentration in the kidney. A 1995 study found that diabetes insipidus patients who concentrate their urine in response to vasopressin had aquaporin-2 in their urine after taking vasopressin. However, diabetes insipidus patients who do not respond to vasopressin did not excrete the aquaporin-2 after taking vasopressin. Thus levels of aquaporin-2 in urine may indicate a patient's ability to respond to vasopressin. Furthermore, aquaporin-2 levels may help explain why different diabetes insipidus patients fail to concentrate their urine, and they may also help illuminate secondary nephrogenic diabetes insipidus conditions.

Editorial, Physiological aspects, Diabetes insipidus, Vasopressin, Vasopressins

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Nutritional support

Article Abstract:

Nutritional support may only benefit a select group of patients. Nutritional support involves giving patients nutrients through a feeding tube. Some feeding techniques bypass the gastrointestinal tract and are called parenteral feeding. Nutritional support is usually given for short periods of time to patients who are temporarily unable to eat. However, in some patients, long-term feeding is necessary. There is little evidence that nutritional support can improve the outcome of disease. However, it can keep patients who cannot eat from starving.

Health aspects, Parenteral feeding, Parenteral nutrition, Enteral feeding, Enteral nutrition, Artificial feeding, Feeding methods

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